religion and society

• Zeus Ktesios

  • in the storeroom
  • protector of the home
  • zeus of property and wealth
  • a vase woth white woollen ribbon
• Zeus Herkios

  • statue in the courtyard as a snake
  • protected the enclosure of the house from within
  • Zeus of the fence
• Apollo Agyeios

  • protector of the house from the outside
  • a pillar
  • protector of the house and streets
• Hearth

  • dedicated to Hestia
  • every household had a central hearth
  • large fire
  • every new member would be welcomed into the household via a procession around the hearth and were showered with dried fruits and nuts
• Herm

  • rectangular pillar wit the bearer head of Hermes with a phallus further down
  • protection symbol outside homes
• what was the Arrephoros

  • secret ritual in may
  • associated with the temple of Athena Polias
  • 2 maidens were chosen each year and carried a basket on their heads
  • unsure of what was in the baskets
  • took it from temple of Athena through underground tunnels to the sanctuary of Aphrodite
• what were grinders

  • girls that ground meal for the cakes which are offered to Athena at the altar
  • occurred at festivals such as Panathenaic festival
• Brauronia

  • saffron gains were shredded as one of the foundress's bears
  • was a sanctuary of artemis at Brauronia
  • girls would dress up as bears at the festival of Artemus Brauronia
  • all Athenian girls had to do this before they were married
• Basket-bearers

  • girls carrying baskets with sacrificial implements at occasions such as the Panathenaic procession or City Dionysia
  • Kanephoroi
• Deme example

  • erchia
• Erchia

  • population of 500 male adults and 2000-3000 residents
• what is the sacred calendar

  • shows us how religious participation worked
  • 25 days of sacrifices a year
  • paid by the wealthier demesmen
  • names of all 3 local heros
• 6 Apollos that were worshipped in Erchia

  • Apollo Apoptropaios
  • Apollo Delphinios
  • apollo lykeios
  • apollo nymphegetes
  • apollon paion
  • apollo pythios
• 3 heroes worshipped at Erchia

  • epops
  • Leucaspis
  • Mendeius
• what are the 4 panhellenic cites

  • delphi
  • olympia
  • nemea
  • isthmus
• names of the 4 panhellenic games

  • olympic games
  • pythian games
  • nemean games
  • isthmian games
• who is worshipped at Delphi

  • Pythian Apollo
• who is worshipped at olympia

  Olympian Zeus
• who is worshipped at nemea

  • Nemean Zeus
• who is worshipped at isthmus

  Isthmian Poseidon
• what is the role of the Archon Basileus

  • incharge of the religious calender
  • runs religious matters and judicial matters
  • "king ruler"
• what is the role of the Eponymous archon

  • had responsibilities over civic festivals
  • year was named after him
• what was the role of the polemarch (war archon)

  • incharge of cults related to military affairs
• what is miasma

  • impiety or pollution in relation to the gods
• sources of miama

  • being dirty
  • through sex
  • murder
  • entering a house of a woman who has just given birth
  • for a women after giving birth
  • not honouring the gods correctly
  • attending a funeral or being in the presence of a dead body
  • disrespecting ancestral law of burial
• how to get rid of miasma

  • by following specific rites, according to how they were polluted
• what is a hecatomb

  • sacrifice of 100 oxen
• what is the acropolis


  summit of the top of the city
• what happened on day 1 of the panathenaic procession

  • music competition
  • rhapsodic contest
• day 2 of the panathenaic procession

  • athletic contest for boys and youth
• day 3 of the panathenaic procession

  • athletic contest for men (prize = panathenaic amphora)
• day 5 of the panathenaic procession

  • tribal contest
  • Euandrion + Pyrrhic dance
• day 6 of the panathenaic procession

  • torch race
  • hecatomb
• day 7 of the panathenaic procession

  • boat race in bat of Pireus
• day 8 of the panathenaic procession

  • awarding of prices, feasting and celebrations