dengue fever

• an arthropod-borne infection
• highest during rainy season

  • vector aedes aegypti (household of mosquitos) lay egg in clean stagnant water
• humans are reservoir host
• caused by flaviviridae (aboviruses)

  • enveloped RNA virus
• transmitted through bite of female mosquito

  • aedes aegypti - urban area or cities
  • aedes albopictis (asian tiger mosquito) - rural areas, breeds in banana and abaca
• asian tiger mosquito - low flying, day biting mosquito

  • common site of bite: lower extremities
• classical dengue fever

  • high grade fever for 3-6 days, subsides and reappeared after 2-3 days (camel-back / saddle-back patterns)
  • accompanied by muscle and bone pains (break-bone fever)
  • rash on knees and elbows (herman's sign)
• dengue hemorrhagic fever or shock syndrome

  • occurs with pt who had previos infcetion with one serotype becomes infected with a different serotype
  • may cause bleeding and shock due to increased amount of cytokines
  • s&s of circulatory collapse: cold extremities and tachycardia
  • vaccine: dengvaxia (developed by sanofi pasteur), given 3 doses every 6 months