Truman & Stalin

• Arms race


  When countries compete against each other to make more powerful weapons
• Iron Curtain


  An ideological barrier, dividing Communist Eastern Europe from Capitalist Western Europe
• Satellite state


  A country that is formally independent, but under heavy political, economic, and military influence or control from another country
• Truman Doctrine


  Statement of US foreign policy; the US will support countries threatened by Communism
• Marshall Plan


  The Truman Doctrine in action; providing economic aid to countries to stop them turning to Communism
• The Truman Doctrine increased the tension between the Superpowers
• The Truman Doctrine divided Europe into two economic camps


  Countries that accepted Marshall Aid and those that did not
• The Truman Doctrine


  Proved that the Grand Alliance could not be renewed
• The Truman Doctrine


  Increased Stalin's suspicion of the West as he saw it as a declaration of the Cold War
• The Truman Doctrine


  Established the rivalry between East and West that would dominate the rest of the Cold War
• Truman Doctrine


  US foreign policy 1939-47
• Stalin opinion on Marshal plan


  'Dollar imperialism'
• Cominform


  Communist Information Bureau established in 1947 to exchange information about Communist countries in Eastern Europe
• Comecon


  Council of Mutual Assistance set up in 1949 by the USSR to control and support the economies of Eastern European states
• dollar imperialism


  using economic power to establish political influence and power over other countries
• Cominform


  1. Political organisation

  2. Direct and control governments of satellite states

  3. Rejected Marshall Plan
• Comecon


  1. Competition with Marshall Plan

  2. Support economic development

  3. Molotov Plan
• Cominform established


  22nd September 1947
• Comecon established


  25th January 1949
• Why was the Soviet response to the Truman Doctrine significant?

  • It showed how suspicious Stalin was of the West
  • It showed how concerned Stalin was by Truman's actions
  • It showed that Stalin thought the US was trying to extend its influence in Europe
  • It showed that Stalin wanted to increase his control of the satellite states
• How the arms race escalated

  
  

  1. 1945: USA developed atomic bomb

  2. 1952: USA tested hydrogen bomb

  3. 1957: USA tested ICBM

  
  

  4. 1949: USSR developed atomic bomb

  5. 1953: USSR tested hydrogen bomb

  6. 1957: USSR first successful ICBM launch
• Mutually assured destruction (M.A.D)


  Potential for nuclear destruction
• Although the arms race increased tensions


  It made war less likely because nuclear weapons acted as a deterrent
• Cominform


  Communist Information Bureau established in 1947 to exchange information between communist countries in Eastern Europe
• Comecon


  Council for Mutual Assistance set up in 1949 by the USSR to control and support the economies of Eastern European states