Sociologists for media

• Bagdikan


  Describes the concentration of media ownership as the 'lords of the global village'
• Bagdikan


  Believes companies present themselves at their best to avoid offending advertisers
• The GMG


  • Hegemonic approach
  • Agenda setting
  • gatekeeping
• Cultural effects model


  Slow drip feed of capitalist norms and values into media
• McLuhan


  Global village has arisen from rapid technological change
• Sklair


  Media blurs differences between entertainment, information and promotion of products, selling their ideas and values across the world, reinforcing values associated with a western lifestyle
• Tomlinson


  There is no direct cultural imperialism instead just hybridisation of cultures, creation of pick and mix identities
• Baudrillard


  Media distorts the way we see the world, creating a hyperreality
• Bivens


  Citizen journalism has increased since globalisation and it has transformed traditional journalism
• Becker


  Journalists work within a hierarchy of credibility, they attach importance to the views of the powerful and influential
• Cohen


  Young people easily identifiable group to blame for society's problems, media have generated moral panic against folk devils creating negative stereotypes and labelling
• Link to London riots 2011

  Cohen's theory of moral panic and folk devils
• Curran and Seaton


  Newspapers for the working class such as the sun suggest working class people have little interest in public affairs, they prefer dramatised exaggerated human interest stories
• Hall et al


  The media over exaggerates black crime, black people are more prone to criminality than white people. This led to the moral panic of the 'black mugger' in the 1970s, who became seen as a folk devil
• The 'black mugger' became a distraction for the wider social and economic crisis of the time

  Hall et al's theory
• Mulvey


  The male gaze, media is filtered through the view of a heterosexual male, women are then seen as an erotic object
• Ferguson


  Magazines traditionally prepare girls for feminised adult roles and the generated cult of femininity
• McRobbie


  Popular feminism has recently emerged and is represented in magazines, promotes being assertive, in control and independent
• Rutherford


  The media attempts to reassert traditional masculine authority by celebrating traditional male concerns such as football and women
• Gill


  To avoid the risk of offending heterosexual audiences, mainstream media represent gay sexuality in a 'sanitised' way. Gay men are rarely portrayed in a sexualised way, but instead as stylish and attractive figures. However, this is the opposite for lesbians, who rarely appear in media content as anything other than highly sexualised, which links to the heterosexual male fantasy.
• Barnes


  The majority of information about disabled people is extremely negative, consisting of disabling stereotypes which medicalise, patronise, criminalise and dehumanise disabled people
• Klapper


  Selective approach that suggests people apply 3 filters when interpreting media: selective exposure, selective perception, selective retention
• Hesper


  The digital underclass of Britain