Diabetes

• type 1 diabetes is a condition where the pancreas produces little/no insulin - blood glucose levels can rise and can cause death
• type 1 diabetes is treated with insulin therapy
• insulin therapy is where insulin is injected into subcutaneous tissue (fatty tissue under the skin) - done at mealtimes to ensure the glucose is removed from the blood quickly
• type 2 diabetes is where the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin or they're resistant to insulin meaning their blood glucose levels rise
• BMI = mass (kg) / height (m) ^2
• people are classed as obese if their BMI is over 30
• waist to hip ratio = waist circ. (cm) / hip circ. (cm)
• people are said to have an increased risk of type 2 diabetes if their waist to hip ratio is higher than 1.0 (men) and 0.85 (women)
• type 2 diabetes can be controlled by a diet low in saturated fat, regular exercise, some people have medication or insulin injections