C7/L2: 1st set

• REPROGRAPHY

  • Reproduction of graphics through mechanical/electrical means, such as:
  • Photography
  • Xerography
• Reprographics Centers

  • Provide copying & printing services.

  • Center supervisor is responsible for day-to-day ops.

  • Administrative office manager has overall responsibility
• FACTORS AFFECTING THE ORGANIZATION OF REPROGRAPHICS CENTER

  • Determine its needs.

  • Determine nature of control.

  • Determine personnel needs.

  • Determine proper layout.

  • Prepare policies & procedures.

  • Maintain the equipment.

  • Set work standards.

  • Implement cost control measures.

  • Install appropriate equipment.
• FACTORS AFFECTING THE ORGANIZATION OF REPROGRAPHICS CENTER

  • Determine its needs.

  • Determine nature of control.

  • Determine personnel needs.

  • Determine proper layout.

  • Prepare policies & procedures.

  • Maintain the equipment.

  • Set work standards.

  • Implement cost control measures.

  • Install appropriate equipment.
• FACTORS THAT HELP DETERMINE THE NEEDS OF THE REPROGRAPHICS CENTER

  • Number of copies needed of various docs.

  • Specialized prod requirements of the copying/printing process.

  • Overall quality of original docs.

  • Desired quality of the copying/printing processes.

  • Turnaround time needed for obtaining copies.

  • Nature of specialized production jobs.
• FACTORS THAT HELP DETERMINE THE NEEDS OF THE REPROGRAPHICS CENTER

  • Number of copies needed of various docs.

  • Specialized prod requirements of the copying/printing process.

  • Overall quality of original docs.

  • Desired quality of the copying/printing processes.

  • Turnaround time needed for obtaining copies.

  • Nature of specialized production jobs.
• NATURE OF CONTROL OF THE REPROGRAPHERS CENTER

  • Most have centralized control.

  • Most orgs have one large center & perhaps several satellite centers located throughout the org.
• NATURE OF CONTROL OF THE REPROGRAPHERS CENTER

  • Most have centralized control.

  • Most orgs have one large center & perhaps several satellite centers located throughout the org.
• ADVANTAGES OF CENTRALIZED CONTROL OF THE REPROGRAPHICS CENTER

  • Greater control over the reprographics function is possible.

  • Center is likely to operate with greater efficiency.

  • Selection & utilization of equip is likely to be more efficient.

  • Process of purchasing & replenishing supplies is likely to be performed more efficiently.
• ADVANTAGES OF CENTRALIZED CONTROL OF THE REPROGRAPHICS CENTER

  • Greater control over the reprographics function is possible.

  • Center is likely to operate with greater efficiency.

  • Selection & utilization of equip is likely to be more efficient.

  • Process of purchasing & replenishing supplies is likely to be performed more efficiently.
• PERSONNEL FOR THE REPROGRAPHICS CENTER

  • Needs to be skilled in the ops they perform.
• PERSONNEL FOR THE REPROGRAPHICS CENTER: Training sources include:

  • Equipment Vendor

  • Vocational-technical Schools
• LAYOUT OF THE REPROGRAPHICS CENTER: Straight-line Flow

  • Specialized nature of equip being used is considered in determining proper layout
  • Most Efficient Layout
  • Eliminates backtracking/crisscrossing
• MAINTENANCE OF EQUIPMENT IN THE REPROGRAPHICS CENTER

  • Equip req quality maintenance that
  • Extends life
  • Improves quality with which work is produced.
  • Equipment operators are often responsible for maintaining equipment.
• POLICIES & PROCEDURES OF THE REPROGRAPHICS CENTER

  Areas Involved Include:

  • Submitting of routine work.

  • Handling of confidential work.

  • Processing of high-priority work.

  • Determining appropriate processing method
• STANDARDS OF THE REPROGRAPHICS CENTER

  • Production standards determine the efficiency of the center.
  • Standards are available from a variety of sources:
  • Equipment Manufacturer
  • Set by Supervisors.
• SUGGESTIONS FOR CONTROLLING THE COST OF THE REPROGRAPHICS CENTER

  • Use the most economical printing & copying processes the jobs will allow.

  • Req/produce only as many copies as are needed.

  • Keep the quip properly adjusted so that very few, if any, pages are ruined in the printing/copying processes.

  • Print on both sides of the paper when possible.

  • Use the services of the reprographics center for a particular job unless an outside source is more economical.

  • Take advantage of quantity purchasing of supplies.
• EQUIPMENT FOR THE REPROGRAPHICS CENTER

  • Equipment determines the operating efficiency of the center.
• CATEGORIES OF COPYING EQUIPMENT

  • Equipment that uses SENTISIZED paper.

  • Equipment that uses PLAIN paper.
• Copying Processes That Use Sensitized Paper

  • Diffusion transfer

  • Gelatin transfer

  • Stabilization

  • Diazo

  • Thermography
• Copying Processes That Use Plain Paper

  • Xerographic process

  • Fiber optics
• Xerographic Process

  • Based on the physics principle that:
  • Unlike (+&-) electrical charges attract each other but that like (-&-,+&+) charges repel each other.
  • A selenium-coated drum is positively charged with the image of the document.
  • Negatively charged toner is spread on the drum, attracted to the positive-image areas.
  • As a sheet of paper passes through the copier, heat adheres the image to the paper.
• COMMON FEATURES FOUND ON CURRENT COPIER EQUIPMENT

  • Image reduction

  • Image enlargement

  • Automatic document feed

  • Duplexing

  • Collating

  • Stapling
• COMMON FEATURES FOUND ON CURRENT COPIER EQUIPMENT

  • Image reduction

  • Image enlargement

  • Automatic document feed

  • Duplexing

  • Collating

  • Stapling
• LESS COMMON FEATURES FOUND ON CURRENT COPIER EQUIPMENT

  • Automatic paper folding

  • Adhesive binding

  • Automatic hole punching

  • Facsimile

  • Built-in image editing

  • Spot color

  • Digital editing
• LESS COMMON FEATURES FOUND ON CURRENT COPIER EQUIPMENT

  • Automatic paper folding

  • Adhesive binding

  • Automatic hole punching

  • Facsimile

  • Built-in image editing

  • Spot color

  • Digital editing
• FIBER OPTICS COPYING

  • Image is formed on the drum by using fiber optics to transmit light from the original doc to the drum.
• TYPE OF DUPLICATION PROCESSES

  • Offset

  • Spirit

  • Stencil

  • Copy printer
• TYPE OF DUPLICATION PROCESSES

  • Offset

  • Spirit

  • Stencil

  • Copy printer
• FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN COMPARING COPIERS

  • Copier applications

  • Equipment reliability

  • Equipment cost

  • Image quality

  • Copier volume

  • Vendor reputation

  • Vendor service response time
• FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN COMPARING COPIERS

  • Copier applications

  • Equipment reliability

  • Equipment cost

  • Image quality

  • Copier volume

  • Vendor reputation

  • Vendor service response time
• DIGITAL COPYING PROCESS

  • Provides a no. of useful features
  • Stretching
  • Shrinking
  • Slanting Text
  • Also Permits:
  • Overlaying one image on another
  • Mirror imaging
  • Color converting etc.