Controlling blood glucose

• Which hormones control blood glucose level

  Insulin and glucagon
• how does glucose get into the blood


  eating carbohydrates
• how is glucose removed from the blood

  normal metabolism of cells
• how is a lot of glucose removed from the blood

  vigours exercise
• how is excess glucose stored

  as glycogen in the liver and muscles
• what happens when blood glucose level is too high

  pancreas secretes insulin

  glucose moves from the blood into liver and muscle cells

  insulin makes the liver turn glucose into glycogen

  blood glucose is reduced
• what happens when blood glucose level is too low

  glucagon is secreted by the pancreas

  glucagon makes the liver turn glycogen into glucose

  glucose is released into the blood by the liver

  blood glucose is increased
• what does diabetes affect

  the ability to control blood glucose
• what is type 1 diabetes

  the pancreas produces little or no insulin

  so a persons blood glucose level can rise to a level that can kill them
• how is type 1 diabetes treated

  insulin therapy
• what is insulin therapy 


  Injections of insulin throughout the day so glucose is removed quickly from the blood stopping the blood glucose level from getting to high
• how else is type 1 diabetes controlled

  limiting carbohydrate intake to stop blood glucose from rising rapidly

  regular exercise to help remove excess glucose
• what is type 2 diabetes

  a person becomes resistant to their own insulin

  they still produce insulin but their cells don’t respond properly to it
• what is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes

  being overweight or obese
• how is type 2 diabetes controlled

  Eating a low carbohydrate diet and regular exercise