DVP - Chapter 9

• The individual is overwhelmed by the task

  of achieving an identity and does little to accomplish

  the task.

  Diffusion
• The individual has a status determined

  by adults rather than by personal exploration.

  Foreclosure
• The individual is examining different

  alternatives but has yet to find one that's satisfactory.

  Moratorium
• The individual has explored

  alternatives and has deliberately chosen a specific

  identity.

  Achievement
• Self-absorption that is

  characteristic of teenagers as they search for identity.

  Adolescent Egocentrism
• Adolescents feeling that their

  behavior is constantly being watched by their peers.

  Imaginary Audience
• Belief of many adolescents that their

  feelings experiences are unique and have never been

  experienced by anyone else.

  Personal Fable
• Adolescents’ belief that

  misfortunes cannot happen to them.

  Illusion of Invulnerability
• Feeling that one belongs to a specific

  ethnic group.

  Ethnic Identity
• Declines gradually during

  elementary school.

  Children's Self-Esteem
• Adolescents particularly differentiate their social self-esteem (e.g., positive about parent, but negative about romantic relationships) self-worth is ethnicity-and age-dependent.

  Adolescents' Self-Esteem
• Become more common in

  adolescence and change with age companionship and

  sexual exploration (younger adolescents) intimacy,

  trust, and support (older).

  Romantic Relationships
• It is a sexual exploration is an

  important feature of romantic relationships for younger

  adolescents.

  Sexual Behavior
• Adolescent sexual

  activity is cause for concerns because number of

  diseases are transmitted from one person to another

  through sexual intercourse.

  Sexually Transmitted Deceases
• It is the infection of the cervix and

  fallopian tubes that can lead to infertility; rare in men.

  Chlamydia
• It is pelvic inflammatory disease, a

  serious infection of the female reproductive tract that

  can lead to infertility; in men epididymitis, an infection

  that the testicles that can lead to infertility.

  Gonnorhea
• Left untreated, can damage internal orans

  such as the brain, nerves, eyes, heart, bones, and joints.

  Syphilis
• Recurrent sores; pregnant women can

  pass the virus (which can be fatal to the newborn) to the

  baby during birth.

  Genital Herpes
• Usually goes away in rare cases leads to cervical cancer.

  Genital Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
• Death from chronic kidney disease.

  Hepatitis B
• Loss of

  immune cells (aids), cancer death.

  HIV
• It is common to sexually active

  teens that do not use birth control consistently or

  correctly.

  Teenage Pregnancy
• It prevents and reduces the chances of

  pregnancy and is required to have a safe sex.

  Contraception
• Attraction to same-sex

  individuals comes about differently in males and

  females.

  Sexually Minority Youth
• Past: received treatment designed

  to align their gender identity with their sex present:

  transgender identity is simply an uncommon but normal

  gender identity.

  Transgender Youth
• Many teens experienced violence in

  dating, which include physical and emotional violence.

  Dating Violence
• First phase in super’s theory of career

  development in which adolescents use their emerging

  identities to form ideas about career.

  Crystallization
• adolescence is a time when

  youth face the challenge of selecting a career.

  Career Development
• proposed a theory that identity is the

  primary force in an adolescent’s choice of career.

  Donald Super
• People find work fulfilling

  when important features of a job or profession fir their

  personality.

  Personality-Type Theory
• He proposed the personality type-

  theory.

  John Holland
• To further limit one’s prospects by

  learning more about career matches to one’s interests,

  abilities, and personality (~18 years)

  Specification
• Entering the workforce and learning

  firsthand about jobs, responsibility, productivity,

  cooperation, and needed lifestyle changes (late

  adolescence to early 20s).

  Implementation
• Individuals enjoy doing physical labor and

  working with their hands; they like to solve concrete

  problems.

  Realistic
• Individuals are task-oriented and enjoy

  thinking about abstract relations.

  Investigative
• Individuals are skilled verbally and

  interpersonally; they enjoy solving problems using these

  skills.

  Social
• Individuals have verbal and quantitative

  skills that they like to apply to structured, well-defined

  tasks assigned to them by others.

  Conventional
• Individuals enjoy using their verbal skills

  in positions of power, status, and leadership.

  Enterprising
• Individuals enjoy expressing themselves

  through unstructured tasks.

  Artistic
• Progress toward a

  vocation rests on self-efficacy successes and failures

  promote adolescents to develop beliefs about

  themselves leading to interests and goals.

  Social Cognitive Career Theory