SCIENCE 10 QUARTER 1

• PLATES - The surface of the earth is broken into about 20 large sections.
• LITHOSPHERE - The solid outer shell of the earth.
• ASTHENOSPHERE - Is a plastic or moldable, zone in the mantle.
• another once called about plate tectonics?

  THE THEORY OF CONTINENTAL DRIFT
• ALFRED WEGENER - German scientist who proposed the "theory of continental drift" or plate tectonics.
• PANGAEA - Jointed continents that make up the supercontinent.
• PLATE BOUNDARY - The area around each plate.
• THREE TYPES OF PLATE BOUNDARIES:

  • DIVERGENT PLATES BOUNDARY
  • CONVERGENT PLATES BOUNDARY
  • TRANSFORM FAULT PLATES BOUNDARY
• These plates are moving apart at mid-ocean rigdes. What kind of plates is this?

  A) divergent plates
• These plates where the two bumps into each other, What kind of plates is this?

  A) convergent plates
• These are kind of plates that rub past each other, What kind of plates is this?

  A) TRANSFORM FAULT PLATES
• MAJOR LAYERS OF THE EARTH:

  • CRUST
  • MANTLE
  • CORE
• CRUST - The outermost layer of the Earth, consisting of solid rock and minerals.
• MANTLE - The layer next beneath the crust.
• CORE - The middle portion subdivided into two layers.
• INNER CORE - Has a radius of 1300km and made up of solid iron and nickel.
• OUTER CORE - 2900km below earths surface and is 2250km thick and is made up of molten iron and nickel.
• KINDS OF CRUST

  • CONTINENTAL CRUST
  • OCEANIC CRUST
• CONTINENTAL CRUST - the relatively thick part of the earths crust that forms the large landmasses.
• OCEANIC CRUST - thin part of the earths crust which underlies the ocean basins.
• SEDIMENTARY DEPOSITS - That are formed through the accumulation of sediments near earth's surface.
• UPPER MANTLE - begins just beneath the crust and ends at the lower mantle.
• P WAVE - One of two main types of elastic body waves. This wave travel faster than the other seismic waves.
• S WAVE - cause the rocks they pass through to change in shape. These waves are the second fastest travelling seismic waves.
• LOVE WAVE - Major type of surface wave having a horizontal motion that is shear to the direction of propagation.
• RAYLEIGH WAVE - A more complex motion than love waves. And are characterized by elliptical motion perpendicular to the surface.
• CONTINENTAL DRIFT - it is the hypothesis that the earths continents have move over geologic time relative to each other. thus appearing to have drifted across the ocean bed.
• PLATE TECTONICS - The theory that explains how the Earth's lithosphere is divided into several rigid plates which float on the asthenosphere, an upper layer of the mantle.
• TRIASSIC - Was a time of recovery and diversification after the mass extinction at the end of the permian.
• JURASSIC - "AGE OF DINOSAURS"
• CRETACEOUS - third and final period of the mesozoic era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years.
• PRESENT DAY - Continents are still moving today.
• SEA FLOOR SPREADING - The spreading of the ocean floor due to the movement of the tectonic plates.
• SUBDUCTION ZONE - The area where two tectonic plates meet and slide past each other.