preparation of soluble salts

• What are salts?

  -salts are ionic(metal [+]) compounds(non-metal [-])

  eg : NaCl, MgCl2
• Soluble salts

  1)All SPA salts --> Sodium, Potassium, Ammonium

  2)All nitrates :

  --> all chlorides, except : silver chloride & lead chloride

  --> all sulfates, except : barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, lead sulfate

  --> all carbonates, except : sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, ammonium carbonate
• Tritration (acid & alkali reaction) --neutralisation process(SPA salts)1

  
  

  acid + alkali --> salt + water

  
  

  Step 1 : An acid is placed into a burette while a known amount of alkali is placed into a conical flask

  
  

  2 : An indicator is added into a conical flask

  
  

  3 : The acid is filtrated against the alkali until the end point is obtained
• Tritration (acid & alkali reaction) --neutralisation process(SPA salts)2

  4 : The solution is then heated until a saturation solution is obtained

  
  

  5 : The solution is allowed to cool to form crystals

  
  

  6: The crystals are filtered and dried between sheets of filter paper (dont wash the crystals with pure water as they could dissolve as the crystals are water-soluble)
• Precipitation (prepare insoluble salts)


  Insoluble salts :

  --> all carbonates,except : SPA

  --> silver chloride, lead chloride

  --> barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, lead sulfate
• Precipitation (prepare insoluble salts)

  Step 1 : Pour lead nitrate into a beaker, add sodium sulfate in excess, stir until no more precipitate forms

  
  

  2 : filter to collect the precipitate

  
  

  3 : wash the precipitate with distilled water (remove impurities)

  
  

  4 : allow the precipitate to dry on filter paper