the five kingdoms

• 1. prokaryotae
  2. protoctista
  3. fungi
  4. plantae
  5. animalia
• example of prokaryotae: bacteria
• example of protocista: unicellular eurkaryotes
• example of fungi: yeast, mushrooms, mould
• prokaryotae:

  • unicellular
  • no nucleus/other membrane-bound organelles
  • plasmid DNA and ribosomes
  • nutrients absorbed through cell wall or produced internally (photosynthesis)
• protocista:

  • mainly unicellular
  • nucleus and other membrane bound organelles
  • some have chloroplasts
  • some are sessile, but others move by cilia, flagella or by amoeboid mechanisms
  • nutrients: photosynthesis or ingestion of other organism, or both - some are parasitic
• autotrophic feeders - photosynthesis
• heterotrophic feeders - ingestion of other organisms
• fungi:

  • unicellular/multicellular
  • cell wall - chitin
  • nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
  • no chloroplasts or chlorophyll
  • mo mechanisms for locomotion
  • most have a body or mycelium made of threads or hyphae
  • nutrients: absorption (from decaying material)
  • most store food as glycogen
• plantae:

  • multicellular
  • nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
  • all contain chlorophyll
  • most do not move, but gametes of some plants move using cilia or flagella
  • nutrients: photosynthesis - autotrophic feeders (make their own food)
  • store food as starch
• animalia:

  • multicellular
  • nucleus and other membrane bound organelles (no cell wall)
  • no chloroplasts
  • move with aid of cilia, flagella or contractile proteins
  • nutrients: ingestion - heterotrophic feeders
  • food stored as glycogen