Proposes idividuals learn values, attitudes, techniques amd motives for offending behaviour through association and interaction with different people eg being around ppl with positive attitudes to crime
Scientific basis
Sutherland set himself task of developing a set of scientific principles that could explain all types of offending - the conditions which are said to cause crime should be present when crime is present and should be absent when crime is absent - his theory was and is designed to dicriminate between individuals who become offenders and those who do not whatever their social class or ethnic background.