Economic world

• What is GNI per capita?

  Total amount of money earned by people and businesses within a country, divided by total population
• What is the poverty line?


  The number of people earning less than $1.90 a day. In the UK it is 0.2% whereas in Madagascar it is <70%
• What is life expectancy?

  The average amount of time that people are supposed to live. Tells us about lifestyle and health and can show access to services and disease
• What is the literacy rate?

  Percent of people in a country who can read and write. It indicates quality of education which correlates to economic output (well educated = higher wages)
• What is infant mortality rate?

  ratio of deaths of infants aged 1 year or under per 1000 births. It shows quality of healthcare and attitudes towards children.
• What does pollution show about a countries development?

  Shows how wasteful they are. If a country has developed its technology they will be more efficient and less polluting
• What does area of green space show about a countries development?

  Proportion of woodland lost and gained can show governments attitude towards the environment
• What is the Human Development Index?

  is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development.
• What is stage 1 of the demographic transition model?

  Population is small and death rate is high. The country is developing so healthcare services aren't invested in and people work in hazardous jobs
• What is stage 2 of the demographic transition model?

  Death rate begins to decrease as government invests money into healthcare. Families can afford clean water as they get higher paying jobs
• What is stage 3 of the demographic transition model?

  As life becomes safer and people earn more money, people decide to have children. This increases population. Improving hospitals further decrease infant mortality.
• What is stage 4 of the demographic transition model?

  Population continues to grow and most families earn more and live safer lives. Birth and death rate vary but on a whole they stay low.
• What is stage 5 of the demographic transition model?

  Decreasing in population as birth rate falls
• Social causes of global inequality

  1. Education

  2. Health

  3. Historical Disadvantage

  4. Neocolonialism
• Environmental causes for global Inequality

  1. Climate

  2. Availability of natural resources

  3. Amount of rain

  4. Temperature

  5. Natural Hazards
• Political causes of Global Inequality

  1. Governance

  .2. international Relations
• What is quality of life?


  The extent to which peoples' needs and desires (social, psychological and physical, economical) are met.
• Factors aiding development:


  1. Population: greater workforce

  2. Climate: good for crop growth

  3. Land: flat and fertile easy to grow crops and build cities

  4. Natural resources: trading or manufacturing
• How many people don't have access to adequate sanitation?

  2.5 billion
• How many children die a day due to unsafe water and poor sanitation?

  2000
• ways to reduce the development gap?

  Bottom up: small scale community level development so people get more money and then invest in local economy

  Top down: large scale projects with large impute for government and TNC's etc. Based on idea benefits will 'trickle down
• why can the DTM not be applied everywhere?

  does't take migration into account, figure may not be accurate,will countires follow it in the same way
• How to reduce the development gap

  Investment, Industrial development and micro-finance loans, Aid Intermediate technologyFair trade, debt relief