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• Interplay


  Interplay of energy systems in relation to the intensity, duration and type of activity
• All energy systems contribute

  • From the start of exercise, all three energy systems contribute to resynthesise ATP
  • The relative contribution of each system is determined by the nature of the exercise being completed
  • Throughout the routine, the gymnast uses all three energy systems at all times in varying amounts
• To determine which energy system is predominant

  1. Identify the event

  2. Intensity of the exercise

  3. Duration of the exercise/movement

  4. Whether sufficient oxygen is present

  5. Continuous exercise or intermittent exercise

  6. Available fuel sources
• Predominant energy system


  The energy system that is the main supplier for the entire duration of an event
• Predominant energy system in a 200m sprint

  • The ATP-CP system
• Dominant energy system


  The energy system that is the dominant supplier at any given point in time during an event
• Dominant energy system when crossing the finish line in a 200m sprint

  • The anaerobic glycolysis system
• Answering an interplay question for a 200m sprint


  1. At the start, all energy systems contribute but ATP-CP is dominant due to maximal intensity

  2. Around 6-10 seconds, CP depletion occurs and anaerobic glycolysis becomes dominant

  3. Aerobic system contribution increases throughout but never dominant

  4. ATP-CP is the predominant system due to short 19.19s duration
• Considerations for intermittent exercise

  • Repeated bouts of high-intensity action
  • Periods of moderate activity and active rest
  • Length of work periods
  • Length of active rest periods and passive rest periods
• Answering an interplay question for intermittent exercise (final 3 minutes of basketball match)

  1. Aerobic system provides energy for lower intensity efforts

  2. Anaerobic systems provide energy for high intensity efforts

  3. Which anaerobic system is dominant depends on available CP fuel stores

  4. Aerobic system is predominant for the final 3 minutes
• Thermoregulatory Fatigue


  A complex physiological response that occurs when the body's mechanisms for heat dissipation are unable to keep up with heat production, particularly during intense physical activity
• Thermoregulatory Fatigue


  • Ability to regulate body temperature
  • Heat is a major by-product of the aerobic energy system
  • Onset of fatigue will occur as core temperature reaches elevated levels
  • Increase in the body's usual core temperature, upward of around 0.5 – 1.0 degrees, can cause hyperthermia (37.5 - 38.3) or dehydration
• Hyperthermia


  A condition where elevated body temperature occurs due to failed thermoregulation, a situation when the body produces or absorbs more heat than it can dissipate
• Dehydration


  Our bodies lose heat via radiation, conduction, convection and evaporation, which is the main means during exercise. Sweating is our body's evaporative mechanism to maintain our core body temperature. Sweat contains various concentrations of electrolytes, salts and water which in turn, hinder performance when lost to the body.
• Recovery Strategies


  1. Cryotherapy (cold water submersion, cold showers)

  2. Ice Vests

  3. Shade

  4. Modified Clothing (or reduced)

  5. Appropriate hydration and consequently rehydration including water, IV drips and sports drinks