VENI EQUIPMENT AND METHODS

• PHLEBOTOMY COLLECTION TRAY - Sometimes called a warding box or warding tray. They are placed in a very compact containers like the basket in the figure below that is meant for transport as medical technologists or phlebotomists go to rooms or different areas in the hospital
• Reclining phlebotomy chair - can be reclined for the patient can be adjusted

  in a correct position
• Parts of ETS

  • Needle
  • Safety Shield
  • Holder
  • Evacuated Tube
• Evacuated Tube System or ETS

  • Different from the syringe

  • The blood being collected by the needle is being immediately placed in the tube
• Safety Shield – cover of the needle once used; meant to protect the patient from sharp injury
• TYPES OF NEEDLES

  • Multisample needles
  • Hypodermic needles
  • Winged blood collection needles
• Multisample needles - They can be used to draw large amount of

  blood for samples
• Hypodermic needles - Inserted beneath the skin
• Winged blood collection needles - have flaps of plastic attached to it; meant to

  increase the surface area to hold the needle properly; butterfly method
• Needle Structure for SYRINGE NEEDLE

  • Point
  • Bevel
  • Shaft
  • Hub
• Needle Structure for ETS

  • Point
  • Bevel
  • Shaft
  • Hub
  • Stopper puncturing end
  • Sleeve
  • Point
• Bevel – angled portion of the needle
• Point – tip of the needle
• Shaft – the overall length of the needle; body
• Hub – If the needle hits the vein there will be blood in the hub; visual guide of the phlebotomist to proceed in drawing blood and insert the tube
• NEEDLE GAUGE - Refers to the diameter of the needle bore
• MULTISAMPLE NEEDLES - Have the stopper puncturing needle covered by a rubber sheath that is pushed back when a tube is attached and returns to full needle coverage when the tube is removed.
• NEEDLE HOLDERS - Made of rigid plastic and may be designed to act as

  a safety shield for the used needle
• NEEDLE DISPOSAL SYSTEMS - Rigid, puncture-resistant, leak-proof disposable “sharps” containers labeled BIOHAZARD that are easily sealed and locked when full.
• Coagulants - are placed to not clot
• Red tubes - are meant to draw blood and let it clot
• BLOOD TRANSFER DEVICES - Provides a safe means for blood transfer without

  using the syringe needle or removing the tube stopper
• WINGED BLOOD COLLECTION SETS - Used for the infusion of IV fluids and for performing venipuncture from very small or very fragile veins often seen in children and in the geriatric population
• TOURNIQUETS - Used during venipuncture to make it easier to locate patients’ veins
• 70% ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL - Primary antiseptic used for cleansing the skin in routine phlebotomy
• GAUZE PADS

  • Used for applying pressure to the puncture site after the needle has been removed
  • It is not recommended to use cotton balls to apply pressure because the cotton ball fibers can stick to the venipuncture site and may cause bleeding to begin again when the cotton is removed.
• Step 1 Procedure

  • Obtain and examine requisition form
• Step 2 Procedure

  • Greet and reassure the patient and explain the procedure to be performed
• Step 3 Procedure

  • Identify the patient verbally by having him or her state both the first name and last name and compare the information on the patient’s ID band with the requisition form
• Step 4 Procedure

  • Verify if the patient has fasted, has allergies to latex, or has had previous problems with venipuncture
• Step 5 Procedure

  • Select correct tubes and equipment for the procedure. Have extra tubes available
• Step 6 Procedure

  • Wash hands and apply gloves (Standard Precautions)
• Step 7 Procedure

  • Position the patient’s arm slightly bent in a downward position so that the tubes fill from the bottom up. Do not let the patient hyperextend the arm. Ask the patient to make a fist
• Step 8 Procedure

  • Apply the tourniquet 3 to 4 inches above the antecubital fossa
• Step 9 Procedure

  • Clean the site with 70% isopropyl alcohol in concentric circles moving outward and allow it to air dry
• Step 10 Procedure

  • Assemble the equipment as the alcohol is drying. Attach the hypodermic needle to the syringe. Pull the plunger back to ensure that it moves freely and then push it forward to remove any air in the syringe
• Step 11 Procedure

  • Reapply the tourniquet, remove the needle cap, and inspect the needle
• Step 12 Procedure

  • Ask the patient to remake a fist, and anchor the vein by placing the thumb on the non-dominant hand 1 to 2 inches below the site and pulling the skin taut
• Step 13 Procedure

  • Hold the syringe in the dominant hand with the thumb on top near the hub and the other fingers underneath
• Step 14 Procedure

  • Pull back the syringe plunger slowly using the non-dominant hand to collect the appropriate amount of blood (no excess and no less than requested)