Physics: topic 3

• How does temperature affect pressure

  as you heat up the gas the particles gain kinetic energy

  particles move faster, meaning there will be more collisions with the container

  each individual collison will involve more force
• state the formula for constant

  pressure (pascals) x volume (m^3)
• what causes pressure in gases

  collisions, when they collide with something they exert a force
• how does volume affect pressure

  as volume increases, pressure decreases (inversely proportional)
• describe particles in a solid

  strong forces of attraction

  high density

  arranged in a fixed position

  vibrate in fixed positions
• describe the particles in a liqud

  weaker forces of attraction

  particles move past eachother

  less dense
• name the six changes of state

  evaporation, condensation, melting, freezing, sublimation, deposition
• state the equation for density

  density = mass (kg) ÷ volume (m^3)
• describe particles in gases

  no forces of attraction

  low density

  most energy

  free to move
• define internal energy


  the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all particles in the system
• 3 factors that affect pressure

  concentrtation

  temperature volume
• how does concentration affect pressure

  increasing the number of particles but keeping the volume the same, you increase concentration

  
  

  which means there will be more particles to collide with (pressure)
• define specific latent heat energy

  energy needed for a substance to change state of 1kg of the substance with no change in temperature
• what is specific latent heat of fusion


  The specific latent heat for changing between a solid & a liquid
• what is specific latent heat of vapourisation

  The specific latent heat for changing between a liquid & a gas
• whats internal energy


  The total kinetic energy and potential energy of all the particles that make up a system
• define specifc heat capacity

  the amount of energy required to raisr one kg of a substance by one dgeree
• energy =


  mass(kg) x specific latent heat (j/kg)
• particles in a gas and pressure

  As the particles of a gas collide with the walls of their container, they exert a force on these walls.