Autonomy, Beneficence, Non-Maleficence and Justice

• Autonomy


  The principle that individuals have the right to make their own decisions and choices, guided by their own values, beliefs, and preferences
• Autonomy

  • Respects and values a person's capacity for self-governance
  • Respects the right of individuals to make their own decisions and choices
  • Requires obtaining informed consent before taking actions that affect others
  • Requires providing relevant information to enable individuals to make informed decisions
  • Requires avoiding coercion or undue influence when seeking consent
• Beneficence


  The principle of doing good and promoting the well-being of others
• Beneficence

  • Involves taking actions that contribute positively to the welfare and improvement of individuals and society
  • Involves actively seeking opportunities to prevent harm and provide benefits to others
  • Involves prioritizing actions that contribute to the improvement of the quality of life
  • Involves balancing the benefits of an action against potential risks and harms
• Nonmaleficence


  The principle of "do no harm"
• Nonmaleficence

  • Emphasizes the obligation to avoid causing harm or inflicting unnecessary suffering
  • Encourages taking steps to prevent harm and minimize risks
  • Encourages being cautious when facing situations with potential negative consequences
  • Encourages choosing the course of action that does the least harm while achieving a positive outcome
• Justice


  Fairness, equality, and the equitable distribution of resources, opportunities, and burdens in society
• Justice

  • Involves treating all individuals with impartiality and without discrimination
  • Involves ensuring that individuals are given what they deserve based on relevant criteria
  • Involves upholding the rights of individuals and providing equal access to benefits
  • Involves acting in ways that contribute to the creation of a just and inclusive society