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China Consolidation of Power-Lawrence
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Cards (201)
Mao's promises to potential opposition groups
Peasants
were told land would be redistributed
Workers promised higher living standards
Minorities offered autonomy
Intellectuals were to be allowed freedom
Businessmen told private ownership would continue
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The
CPPCC
conference that set tone for early yrs included members of the
Democratic League
View source
Aim
: to give the impression that politics would be
inclusive
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Mao's initial priority – mopping up remaining areas of
GMD military resistance
in the
south
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Mao sent the
PLA
into the
GMD
heartland of Guangdong province + outlying provinces of the far west
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Once CCP hold on power was more
secure
, pace of
change
speeded up
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Mao
intervened in the
Korean War
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Mao
launched an internal wave of
terror
against enemies of the Party
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By the time the terror ended later in
1951
, it cost at least 1 or possibly
2m
lives
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Even sympathisers with the rev compelled to
educate themselves
– quote correct
slogans
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A network of forced
labour camps laogai
were established – awaited many who failed to do this
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Over
1m
government servants sacked in the
'three antis' movement
(1951)
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1952
– the
business
community was attacked in the 'five antis' movement
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1955
– drive to collectivise
agriculture
= end of peasant ownership of land
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1956 –
private
ownership of businesses was
nationalised
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1957
– turn of intellectuals to suffer in the
Hundred Flowers Campaign
View source
Mao
intended to establish control of the peripheral regions of China –
Reunification
Campaigns
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CCP hoped to make
invasions
seem
legitimate
by trying to convince others that regions had once been part of China
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Xinjiang's large
Muslim population
= the region had more in common with Muslim areas in the
USSR
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Mao
feared USSR might take advantage of chaos caused during
Civil War
to seize the province
View source
Tibet led by Buddhist
Dalai Lama
– rival leader to
Mao
View source
Guangdong province
– traditionally been
pro-nationalist
stronghold (GMD)
View source
An estimated
28,000
people were executed during the
'Supress the Counter Revolutionaries'
campaign
View source
Nationalist leaders invited to the
Political Consultative Conference
(
1949
) - their plane crashed killing all on board
View source
Rumours spread that
Mao
had
murdered
them – never proved
View source
PLA led by
Peng Dehuai
cleared resistance - by
March 1950
secured territory migration of Han Chinese
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Han Chinese sent to populate
Xinjiang
, develop
mining
and industry
View source
Govt organised settlers into
PLA
co-ordinated
militia
– the 'Production and Construction Corps'
View source
Mao claimed he had sent
PLA
into Tibet to
'liberate
it from imperialist oppression'
View source
Tibetans regarded themselves as
racially
and culturally different from the
Chinese
View source
November 1950
- PLA forces entered
Tibetan
capital Lhasa
View source
Dalai Lama
had no choice but to sign a 17 Point Agreement on Peaceful Liberation of
Tibet
View source
Chinese
imposed policed aimed at wiping out traces of
Tibetan
identity
View source
November 1952,
Mao
declared intention to raise
Tibetan
population from 3m to 10m
View source
Mao aimed to promote migration of the dominant
Han
Chinese ethnic group into
Tibet
View source
Publicly Tibetan leaders no choice but to offer thanks to
Mao
for having done
'so much for Tibet'
View source
1959
:
Tibetans
rebelled – they were brutally supressed by PLA
View source
The
Dalai Lama
fled into
exile
in India
View source
The nationalist
GMD
established a rival nation in
Taiwan
called the Republic of China (ROC)
View source
Chiang kai shek's
new nation claimed to be the
'official'
China
View source
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