seasons

• Geocentric model


  First model of the Solar System with the Earth at the centre
• Heliocentric model


  Model with the Sun at the centre of the Solar System
• Johannes Kepler's model


  • Sun in the centre of the Solar System
  • Planets move around the Sun in elliptical orbits
• Before spacecrafts were available

  Astronomers were only able to investigate space using telescopes
• Nowadays


  We can explore space using spacecrafts
• Seasons


  Differences in weather at different times of the year
• The weather in the UAE is similar throughout the year but it is much warmer in the summer than in the winter
• In Europe, the weather is very different at different times of the year
• Tilt of the Earth's axis

  Causes the differences in weather known as the seasons
• In summer


  The Sun is high in the sky at midday and the days are longer than the nights
• In winter


  The Sun is low in the sky at midday and the nights are longer than the days
• Hemispheres


  Different areas the Earth is split into
• The Northern and Southern hemisphere are separated by the Equator which passes through South America, Africa and Asia
• The Western and Eastern hemisphere are separated by the Prime Meridian which passes through Europe and Africa
• It is hotter in the summer

  Because the Earth is tilted closer to the Sun
• It is not because the Sun is closer to the Earth
• When the Earth is tilted further away from the Sun


  This is the season of winter because it is colder
• Summer in the Northern Hemisphere is in the months of June, July and August whereas in the Southern Hemisphere it is in the months of December, January and February
• The Sun feels hotter in the summer


  Because the rays of the Sun are more concentrated in one place
• The Sun is shining for longer in the summer


  So has more time to warm up the air and the ground