20th century

• class 


  the development of amateurism and professionalism

  professional sports included rugby, athletics and tennis

  still a class divide in some sports like cricket
• gender 


  women participation increased from 1960 due to the women's liberation movement.

  first women's Olympic marathon in LA in 1984

  first women's triple jump in Atlanta in 1996
• law and order 


  drugs and doping took place within athletics from the 60's.

  hooliganism in football in the 70s and 80s

  one cause of the 1989 Hillsborough tragedy was perimeter fencing to keep order/avoid pitch invasions. the 96 that died had been unlawfully killed
• education 


  sports science as a subject

  engineering and technological advances increased levels of elite performance and participation from 1970

  helped to grow disability sport
• availability of money


  increase opportunity, provision and participation.

  the expense of attending an independent school where providing a comprehensive sporting programme is often easier than for a state school.
• availability of time 


  more leisure time by 2000
• transport 


  car ownership, cheap air travel