Failure to function adequately defines abnormality as an inability to cope with everyday life, especially if the individual is causing distress to themselves or those around them.
In some circumstances the individual may not be aware that their behaviour is causing stress. eg schizophrenic
Rosenhan & Seligman (1989) describe seven features of personal dysfunction.
Rosenhan and Seligman's 7 features of personal dysfunction.
Personal distress
Maladaptive behaviour
Unpredictability
Irrationality
Observer discomfort
Violation of moral qualities
Unconventionality
Personal suffering
The individual may suffer as a result of their condition.
Maladaptive behaviour
Behaviour prevents the person reaching desired goals. (eg unable to work or have relationships.)
Unpredictability
Behaviour is unexpected and unpredictable.
Irrationality
Behaviour seems to defy logical sense.
Observer discomfort
Behaviour makes those around feel uncomfortable. (EG - Swearing)
Violation of moral qualities
Not behaving in accordance with society's norms (eg - public nudity)
Unconventionality
Others find the behaviour odd. (eg tattoos all over)
