EXAM!!!

• What are the clean water macroinvertebrates?


  stoneflies, mayflies, damselflies and dragonflies.
• Clean water macroinvertebrate orders?

  odonata, plecoptera.
• clean water macroinvertebrates are sensitive to pollution.
• mild pollution (less sensitive) macroinvertebrates: a mix of insect larvae, crustaceans and molluscs.
• moderate pollution (relatively tolerant) macroinvertebrates: worms, insect larvae, crustaceans and molluscs.
• main order of moderate pollution (relatively tolerant) macroinvertebrates?

  megaloptera (alderflies).
• severe pollution (tolerant) macroinvertebrates: worms and worm-looking insects.
• main order of severe pollution macroinvertebrates?

  diptera
• main order of mild pollution macroinvertebrates?


  trichoptera.
• algae are a functional guild, not a taxonomic guild.
• algae guild contains diverse, distantly related organisms.
• what are the 2 types of microalgae?

  prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
• examples of prokaryotes?


  cyanobacteria.
• examples of eukaryotes?


  diatoms and dinoflagellates.
• how large are cyanobacteria?

  single cells.
• how do cyanobacteria reproduce?

  asexually.
• where are cyanobacteria found?

  freshwater and marine.
• how large are chlorophytes?


  single cell.
• how do chlorophytes reproduce?

  asexually or sexually.
• where do chlorophytes occur?

  mostly freshwater, mostly planktonic.
• how large are euglenoids?

  single cells.
• how doe euglenoids reproduce?

  asexually.
• where do euglenoids occur?

  mostly freshwater, mostly planktonic.
• how large are diatoms?

  single cells.
• how do diatoms reproduce?

  asexual and sexual
• where do diatoms occur?

  mostly freshwater.
• how large are dinoflagellates?


  single cell
• where do dinoflagellates occur?

  mostly marine, mostly planktonic.
• how many types of freshwater zooplankton are there?

  3
• what are the 2 taxonomic groups of freshwater zooplankton?

  rotifers and crustaceans.
• what are the crustaceans species called?

  cladoceran and copepods.
• how do cladocerans feed?


  herbivorous filter feeders.
• how do cladocerans avoid predation?

  transparent body, big helmets.
• how do cladocerans reproduce?

  asexual and sexual.
• how do copepods feed?

  omnivores, herbivores, predators and parasites.
• what is the copepods anit-predation strategy?

  really really fast.
• how do copepods reproduce?

  sexually.
• how do rotifers reproduce?

  sexually or asexually.