Functionalism

• SETS


  Social control/solidarity

  Economic, specialised skills

  Transmitting norms and values

  Social selection
• Hidden curriculum 


  Untaught rules in school (respect, obedience)
• Integration

  young people > roles as citizens
• Durkheim


  Organic analogy - institutions as organs

  Transmitting norms and values - social solidarity

  Specialist skills - trained individuals, meet economic needs
• Parsons


  Secondary socialisation

  Meritocracy - ability + effort = outcome

  Education bridges the gap between ascribed and achieved status

  Particularistic and universalistic standards
• Davis and Moore 


  Role allocation - on ability

  Encourages competition through rewards
• Criticisms


  Trends in social groups, ethnicity and gender

  Ignores other groups norms and values

  Academic credentials and occupational rewards relationship not close
• Value consensus 


  All value the same things - needed to function properly
• Hargreaves

  Criticised modern comprehensive schools - too much emphasis on development and not on duties/responsibilities

  Fail dignity for failing working class pupils (rebel)

  Need curriculum change