Science of Biology

• Biology

  The study of living organisms
• Among all the living organisms human beings are the most intelligent ones
• By using the intelligence human beings started learning and this learning lead to development of science
• Science


  A process of collecting information about the world around us
• Asking questions


  The first step in doing science
• Making observations and asking questions and trying to find the answers is what science is all about
• The study of biology helps us to answer the how, what, where and why of our surroundings
• Biology


  The study of living organisms, helps us to explain how living things relate to one another and to their surroundings
• What science is discovering today, the Holy Quran has already hinted several hundred years ago
• The Holy Quran is a book for all times to come, it gives us spiritual, moral and practical knowledge
• The Holy Quran: '"We made every living thing from water"'
• Living things consists of 60 to 90 percent of water, so all living things have a common origin in water
• The Holy Quran: '"He made man from clay like the potter"'
• The creation of man consisted of two steps: the first step was the creation from water, and the second step was the creation from clay
• The sequence of developmental stages of man is described in the Quran many times
• Muslim scientists have made great contributions to the field of biology
• Main divisions of biology

  • Botany
  • Zoology
  • Microbiology
• Sub-fields of biology


  • Morphology
  • Anatomy
  • Physiology
  • Genetics
  • Ecology
  • Molecular biology
  • Embryology
  • Marine biology
  • Cytology
  • Immunology
  • Histology
  • Paleontology
  • Pathology
  • Pharmacology
  • Taxonomy
• Morphology


  The study of the size, shape, and structure of animals, plants, and microorganisms
• Anatomy


  The study of the internal structure of the organisms
• Physiology


  The study of the functions of various organs of the organisms
• The animals move, walk or run

  On the principles of physics
• There is a similarity between working principle of lever in physics

  And human limbs
• Relationship of biology with other sciences

  • Biophysics
  • Biochemistry
  • Statistics (biometry)
  • Computational biology
  • Biogeography
  • Biotechnology
  • Bio-economics
• Biophysics


  The study of biological phenomena according to the principles and laws of physics
• Biochemistry


  The study of chemical constituents found in an organism and chemical reactions taking place in a living organism
• Biometry


  The collection of biological data or facts through observations, experiments and analysing them according to statistical rules for biological study
• Computational biology


  The study of the use of data analysis, mathematical modeling, and computational simulations to understand biological system
• Biogeography


  The study of distribution of plants and animals in different geographical regions of the world
• Biotechnology


  The study of different techniques to manipulate the living organisms for the benefit of mankind
• Bio-economics


  The study of biology from economic point of view
• Applied fields in biology that can be selected as a career

  • Medicine
  • Surgery
  • Fisheries
  • Agriculture
  • Animal husbandry
  • Biotechnology
  • Horticulture
  • Farming
  • Forestry
• Medicine and surgery


  • Diagnosis and treatment of different diseases
  • Surgery is the treatment of diseases by removal, or replacement of the defective parts
• Fisheries


  • The fisheries sector makes a significant contribution to Pakistan
  • Careers associated with it are fish farming, fishery management and related research
• Farming and Agriculture


  • The growth of crops and animals to provide food, wood and other products
  • The practice of agriculture is farming while agriculture is the science of improving farming methods
  • Careers associated with agriculture are agricultural science, agricultural engineering, agricultural entomology (a person who studies insects) etc.
• Animal husbandry


  • The care and breeding of domestic animals
  • Careers associated with animal husbandry are veterinary science, animal breeding, animal training etc.
• Biotechnology


  • The use of living organisms or their components to make useful products
  • Careers associated with biotechnology are bacteriology, virology, molecular genetics etc.
• Horticulture


  • The art of gardening
  • Careers involved are plant breeding, horticulture etc.
• Forestry


  • The science of planting, managing and caring for forests
  • Careers related to forestry are forest ecology, environmental engineering etc.
• Interdisciplinary research collaboration


  When researchers from different fields work together to create new scientific knowledge