Equations

• Kinetic Energy

  Kinetic Energy = 0.5 × mass × (speed)²
• Elastic Potential Energy

  Elastic Potential Energy = 0.5 × spring constant × (extension)²
• Gravitational Potential

  Mass × Gravitational Field Strength × height
• Change in thermal energy

  Mass × Specific Heat Capacity × temperature change
• Power

  Energy transferred ÷ time
• Power

  Work done ÷ time
• Efficiency

  Useful output energy transfer ÷ total input energy transfer
• Efficiency

  Useful power output ÷ total power output
• Charge flow

  Current × Time
• Potential difference

  Current × resistance
• Power

  (current)² × resistance
• Energy transferred

  Power × time
• Energy transferred

  Charge flow × potential difference
• Density

  Mass ÷ volume
• Thermal energy for a change in state

  Mass × Specific Latent Heat
• Thermal energy for a change of state (for gases)

  Pressure × volume = constant
• Weight

  Mass × Graviational Field Strength
• Work done

  Force × distance
• Force

  Spring constant × extension
• Moment of force

  Force × distance
• Pressure

  Force normal to a surface ÷ area of that surface
• Distance

  Speed × Time
• Acceleration 


  Change in velocity ÷ time taken
• (Final velocity)² - (inital velocity)² = 2 × acceleration × distance
• Resultant force = mass × acceleration
• Momentum = mass × velocity
• Force = change In momentum ÷ time taken
• Period = 1 ÷ frequency
• Wave speed = frequency × wavelength