Surveillance

• Foucalt:

  > the panopticon is a model of how power operates in society

  > prisoners do not know if they are being watched, only that they might be being watched, so they behave at all times (self-surveillance)

  > surveillance has expanded and affects all of society - hospitals, work, schools, internet
• Synoptic Surveillance - Mathiesen:

  > while the panopticon allows the few to monitor the many, the media now also enable to many to monitor the few e.g. filming the police, Partygate

  > the synopticon - everybody watches everybody, for example, the public watching each other through dash cams, ring doorbells and social media
• Liquid Surveillance - Bauman and Lyon:

  > modern world surveillance has become liquid - it is flexible and mobile, and spreads into more areas of life, because people are now constantly on the move

  > travellers - passport control, body scanners, checking in with phones

  > consumers - monitoring searches, cookies, using phones to purchase goods

  > social media - exchanging personal information
• Effects of Liquid Surveillance:

  > Bauman and Lyon - the world is becoming post-panoptical, as we are increasingly conscious of the fact that we are being watched

  > examples - carparks taking pictures of our numberplates so they know when we arrived and left, digital footprint and targeted adverts