Energy

• Renewable energy 


  Energy from a source that is not depleted when used
• Non-renewable energy


  A natural resource that, once consumed, cannot be replaced
• Energy mix


  The range and proportions of renewable and non-renewable sources used by a country
• Fossil fuels 


  A natural fuel formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms (coal, oil and gas)
• Energy security


  Uninterrupted availability of energy sources, that can always be accessed, at an affordable price (70% of the country can afford it)
• Energy insecurity 


  Where a country must rely on others to supply most of its energy
• GDP


  Gross domestic product

  how much money a country generates
• Fracking


  A drilling method in which large amounts of sand, water and chemicals are injected deep underground at high pressures to release slones of natural gas (shale gas)
• An Example to show the extraction of a fossil fuel has both advantages and disadvantages

  Fracking - extracting natural gas

  advantages

  • Cleaner than coal (emits 57% less co2)
  • Greater energy security - by producing more gas, the uk would become less dependant on other countries
  • gas is needed in the uk - 80% of the population heats their home using gas, fracking could produce a steady supply

  Disadvantages

  • Not renewable or sustainable, shale is a finite resource
  • can contaminate groundwater - fracking fluid is made of 90% water, 9.5% sand as well as potentially harmful chemicals
• a local renewable energy scheme in an LIC or NEE, sustainable energy supplies

  Chambamontera (Peru, NEE) water power plants

  • the landscape is ideal- high rainfall, steep slopes and fast flowing rivers, water power is abundant
  • lasts at least 25 years, then can be continued or improved - capacity to provide now and in the future
  • reduced environmental impacts - less need for locals to burn wood for heat , reducing deforestation and soil erosion
  • improved QOL - gives locals the ability to refrigerate (keep food longer and store medicine) -decreases the risk of death from preventable causes