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• Context clues


  Words found within a sentence, paragraph, or passage that a reader can use to understand or identify unfamiliar words
• Types of context clues

  • Definition clue
  • Synonym clue
  • Antonym clue
  • Comparison clue
  • Example clue
  • Explanation clue
  • Cause and effect clue
  • List or series clue
  • Inference clue
• Definition clue


  When the unfamiliar word is defined in the sentence
• Synonym clue


  When a similar word is placed in the same sentence to know the meaning of the unfamiliar word
• Antonym clue


  An opposite word is placed in the same sentence to understand the unfamiliar word
• Comparison clue


  When an unknown word is compared to a familiar word and uses signals such as similar to, too, also, like, as, in the same way, likewise, and resembling
• Example clue


  When samples are being provided in the sentence to understand the meaning of the unfamiliar word
• Explanation clue


  A description is given to understand the unfamiliar word
• Cause and effect clue

  The meaning of the difficult word depends on the cause and effect relationships of other words as expressed in the sentence
• List or series clue

  In order to understand the unfamiliar word, it is included in a series of words given in the sentence
• Inference clue


  To understand the meaning of the unfamiliar word, one must make a guess, based on the description given in the sentence
• Greatest common factor (GCF)

  Refers to common factor having the greatest numerical factor and with variables having the least degree
• GCF example


  • 6x^2 and 15x^4
• Prime factorization


  Factoring a number into its prime factors
• Factoring polynomials


  Rewriting as a product of a polynomial with smaller degree
• Factoring polynomials examples


  • 4x^2 + 6x = 2x(2x + 3)

  3x^2 + 6x = 3x(x + 2)

  6x^4 + 14x^2 = 2x^2(3x^2 - 7)
• Factoring polynomials with variables examples


  • 7a(a + 3) - c(a + 3) = (a + 3)(7a - c)

  4(3b + 1) + 5a(1-3b) + 4c(3b - 1) = 4(3b - 1) - 5a(3b - 1) + 4c(3b - 1) = (3b - 1)(4 - 5a + 4c)
• Hardware


  Physical components that can be touched, make up the computer system
• Parts of hardware


  • Monitor
  • Motherboard
  • CPU
  • RAM
  • Expansion slot
  • Power supply
  • Optical disk drive
  • Hard disk drive
  • Keyboard
  • Mouse
• Monitor


  Output devices that display information in a human readable form, such as printers, speakers, monitors or a braille embrosser
• Motherboard


  The main component of the computer. It is a large rectangular board with integrated circuitry that connects the other parts of the computer including the central processing unit, random access memory, disk drives as well as any peripherals, connected via the ports or the extension slots
• CPU


  It performs most of the calculations which enables a computer to function. It is also known as the brain of the computer
• RAM


  It stores the data encode that are being actively accessed by the CPU
• Expansion slot


  It can be inserted into an expansion slot to add functionality or to expand on features that are not supported by the motherboard
• Power supply


  It converts AC electric current to low voltage DC power for the internal components of the computer
• Optical disk drive/hard disk drive


  Computer data storage, often called storage or memory. It is a core function of computers
• Keyboard and mouse


  Input devices allow the user to enter information into the system or control its operations. Examples include keyboard, mouse, webcam, microphone, joysticks and image scanners
• Software


  The computer's programs and related data that provide the instructions for telling the computer hardware what to do and how to do it
• Main classifications of software

  • System software
  • Application software
• System software


  It is designed to directly operate the computer hardware, to provide basic functionality needed by users and other software, and to provide a platform for running application software
• Types of system software

  • Operating system software
  • Utility programs
  • Library programs
  • Translator software
• Operating system software


  It is the most important type of system software that manages the computer hardware resources and provides common services for application software. A user cannot run an application program without it. Examples of popular OS include Android, iOS, Linux, macOS, and Microsoft Windows
• Utility programs


  It is a type of system software which has a very specific task to perform related to the working of the computer. Examples include virus scanner, disk defragmenter, system monitor, and file managers
• Library programs


  It contains code and data that provide services to other programs such as interface (look around and feel), and even the graphic engines of computer games
• Translator software


  This is the software that allows new programs to be written and run on computers by converting source code into machine code. The three types are assembler, interpreter and compiler
• Application software


  Special purpose application software is a type of software created to execute one specific task. Software tailored for a specific user and purpose also falls under this category
• Hardware and software


  Have a symbiotic relationship, i.e. without software hardware is very limited and without hardware software wouldn't be able to run at all. They need each other to fulfill their potential
• Motion


  Any push or pull that causes change in the object's motion
• Types of force


  • Contact force
  • Non-contact force
• Contact force


  Is present when two or more surfaces or media touch and interact