Reading and Writing

• Narration


  description of an event that follows a chronological order
• Description

  Transmitting a mental image
• Discourse


  Any coherent succession of sentences, spoken or written
• Exposition


  Oral or written discourse used to explain, describe, or give information.
• word to be defined

  Term
• Where the term belongs and can be classified

  Genus
• includes remaining parts and other definition

  Differentia
• The topic is developed by defining a term connected to the topic.

  Definition
• illustrates the idea being developed

  Example
• method of listing, enumerating, and giving examples to elaborate a topic or a subject

  Exemplification
• appeals to the sense if sight

  Visual illustration
• These are concepts, ideas, and statements that are generally assumed to be true, real, and/or existing.

  Facts
• brief narratives within a piece of writing

  Anecdotes
• entails analyzing


  Details
• individual interpretation

  Opinion
• appeals to 5 human senses


  Observation
• based on facts


  exposition
• Aim to convince others of the truth or falsify os a dispute matter

  argumentation
• argumentation


  persuasion
• 3 appeals of speaker in persuasion

  logos, pathos, ethos
• appeals to audience logic

  logos
• appeals to audience's emotions

  pathos
• appeal to credibility


  ethos
• 3 types of audience's

  supportive, wavering, hostile
• spectators who are already briefed

  supportive
• neutral audience


  wavering
• most difficult to convince audiences

  hostile
• goes beyond the searching of the written text

  critical reading
• it means not taking anything at face value- digging deeper

  critical reading
• information that is clearly stated

  explicit
• ideas that are suggested

  implicit
• most important part of the text

  claim
• defines the paper's direction and scope

  claim
• states quantifiable assertion or measurable topic

  claims of fact
• assert that something has existed, exists, or will exist based on data. rely on reliable sources

  claims of fact
• arguments about moral, philosophical, or aesthetic topics

  claims of value
• make judgments based on certain standards

  claims of value
• posit that a specific action should be chosen as a solution

  claims of policy
• social, cultural, historical, and other related circumstances that surrounds the text

  context
• modeling of a text's meaning by another text. integration of another author's work

  intertextuality