Cloning

• Tissue culture: using small groups of cells from part of a plant to grow identical new plants. This is important for preserving rare plant species or commercially in nurseries.
• Cuttings: an older, but simple, method used by Gardners o produces many new identical plants from a parent plant
• Embryo transplants: splitting part cells from a developing animal embryo before they become specialised, then transplanting the identical embryos into host mothets
• Adult cell cloning:

  • the nucleus is removed from an unfertilised egg cell
  • the nucleus fro am adult body cell, such as a skin cell, is inserted into an gg cell
  • an electric shake stimulates the egg cell to divide to form an embryo
  • these embryo cells contain the same genetic information as the adult skin cell
  • when the embryo has developed into a ball of cells, it is inserted into a womb to continue its development.