PHYSIO 2 QUIZZES

• TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT (TMJ): This joint connects the temporal bone's mandibular fossa to the mandibular head of the jaw.
• SYNOVIAL JOINT: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is also known as?
• (4) ARTICULAR PARTS: MANDIBULAR CONDYLE, GLENOID FOSSA, ARTICULAR EMINENCE, TMJ LIGAMENTS
• MANDIBULAR CONDYLE: the ROUNDED end of the lower jaw that connects to the TMJ. OVAL SHAPE!
• OPEN AND CLOSE, SIDE TO SIDE: The condyle movement within the joint
• GLENOID FOSSA: (a.k.a. mandibular fossa) oblong DEPRESSION in the temporal bone anterior to the auditory canal.
• GLENOID FOSSA: acts as the SOCKET for the mandibular condyle, which is the major component of the TMJ.
• CONDYLOID PROCESS/ MANDIBULAR CONDYLE: Convex on all sides, wider mesiodistally than anteroposterior.
• TMJ LIGAMENTS: ligaments that hold the bones together at the temporomandibular joint
• TMJ LIGAMENTS: stabilize the TMJ by GUIDING and limiting joint movement, preventing dislocation and undue strain.
• (3) TMJ LIGAMENTS: LATERAL LIGAMENT, SPHENOMANDIBULAR LIGAMENT, STYLOMANDIBULAR LIGAMENT
• LATERAL LIGAMENT: is the thickened LATERAL PORTION of the capsule. Zygomatic process of the temporal bone to the neck of the mandible.
• SPHENOMANDIBULAR LIGAMENT: This extends from the spine of the SPHENOID BONE to the LINGULA of the mandibular foramen, supports the jaw and prevents excessive expansion.
• STYLOMANDIBULAR LIGAMENT: Connects the STYLOID PROCESS of the temporal bone to the angle of the mandible. It reduces excessive forward movement and supports the mandible in general.
• TEMPORAL BONE, MANDIBULAR BONE: The two main bones involved in the formation of the Temporomandibular.
• SUPERIOR COMPARTMENTS, INFERIOR COMPARTMENTS: The articular disc divides the joint into two anatomically and functionally separate compartments.
• SUPERIOR COMPARTMENTS: It contains 1.2 mL of synovial fluid and is RESPONSIBLE FOR THE TRANSITIONAL MOVEMENT OF THE JOINT.
• PROTRUSION (thrusting forward): This movement involves the anterior movement of the mandible. It occurs when the mandible moves forward, causing the teeth, condyles, and rami to all move in the same direction and to the same degree.
• RETRACTION (pulling backward): This movement involves the posterior movement of the mandible. It occurs when the mandible moves backward.
• GLIDING SIDE-TO-SIDE (moving sideways): This movement refers to the lateral deviation of the mandible to the left or right. It is commonly associated with grinding and chewing.
• INFERIOR COMPARTMENTS: It is slightly smaller with an average synovial fluid volume of 0.9 mL and allows rotational movements of the joint.
• DEPRESSION (opening): Opening of the mouth, mostly caused by gravity but facilitated by muscles if there is resistance.
• ELEVATION (closing): Strong closing movement of the mouth, caused by the contraction of the temporalis, masseter, and medial pterygoid muscles.
• (4) MUSCLES INVOLVED IN THE TMJ MOVEMENTS: MUSCLES OF THE FACE, MUSCLES OF MASTICATION, MUSCLES OF THE NECK, ACCESSORY MUSCLES
• ORBICULARIS ORIS MUSCLE: primarily responsible for lip closure
• MUSCLES OF THE FACE: ORBICULARIS ORIS MUSCLE
• MUSCLES OF MASTICATION: MASSETER, TEMPORALIS, INTERNAL PTERYGOID, EXTERNAL PTERYGOID
• MUSCLES OF THE NECK: MYLOHYOID MUSCLE, DIGASTRIC MUSCLE
• MYLOHYOID MUSCLE: This muscle supports the mouth's floor and helps with swallowing movements that require coordination with TMJ actions.
• DIGASTRIC MUSCLE: During opening movements, the digastric muscle's anterior belly helps to depress the mandible.
• ACCESSORY MUSCLES: GENIOHYOID MUSCLE, STYLOHYOID MUSCLE
• GENIOHYOID MUSCLE: the geniohyoid muscle helps the hyoid bone protrude or advance.
• STYLOHYOID MUSCLE: its proximity to the joint may have some impact on its function under certain conditions.
• Temporomandibular Joint Disorder (TMD) - Muscle stiffness, restricted mouth

  opening, clicking or popping noises, and jaw pain are possible symptoms.
• Myofascial Pain Syndrome - control movement of the jaw and causes persistent pain and inflammation in those muscles.
• Bruxism -teeth grinding or clenching
• Muscle Strain -Overuse or trauma can cause strains in the muscles around the TMJ, resulting in pain and limited movement.
• ARTICULAR DISC: It is a fibrous structure that divides the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) into two cavities
• TEMPORALIS MUSCLE: is a large fan-shaped muscle that fills much of the temporal fossa.
• INTERNAL PTERYGOID: is a major elevator of the jaw and a square-shaped masticatory muscle, located on the medial aspect of the lower jaw bilaterally.