Final exam vocab 2024

• Jim Crow


  Laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern US.
• Plessy vs. Ferguson


  1896 case permitting 'separate but equal' racial segregation.
• segregation


  Keeping people of different races separate from each other.
• lynching


  Killing someone, usually by hanging, without a legal trial, often done by a mob.
• Tenements


  Overcrowded, poorly maintained urban apartment buildings.
• Muckrakers


  Journalists exposing corruption and social issues.
• Ida B. Wells


  African American journalist fighting against lynching.
• Frederick Douglas:


  An escaped slave who became a leading speaker, writer, and activist for the abolition of slavery and equal rights.
• W.E.B. DuBois:


  An African American leader and activist who fought for civil rights and co-founded the NAACP.
• Gilded Age


  Era of economic growth masking social problems.
• Robber Barons


  Wealthy business leaders accused of unfair practices.
• Unions:


  Groups of workers who join together to protect their rights and improve their working conditions.
• Native Reservations


  Government-designated areas for Native American tribes.
• Residential Schools:


  Schools where Indigenous children were taken to be taught Western culture, often facing poor treatment and abuse.
• Trail of Tears:


  forced movement of Cherokee and other Native American tribes to land west of the Mississippi River, causing much suffering and death. (andrew jackson)
• Suffrage


  the right to vote
• Disenfranchisement


  denial of giving people the right to vote
• Suffragists


  Advocates for women's voting rights.
• Imperialism


  Policy of expanding power through territorial control.
• Prohibition:


  The time from 1920 to 1933 when making, selling, and transporting alcohol was illegal in the United States.
• Roaring 20s


  Decade of economic growth and cultural change.
• Flappers


  1920s young women known for bold fashion.
• "White Man's Burden"


  A phrase used to justify imperialism by suggesting it was the duty of white people to civilize non-white people.
• Stock Market Crash


  1929 collapse leading to the Great Depression.
• Roaring 20s:


  A decade of economic growth and cultural change in the 1920s, known for jazz music, flappers, and speakeasies.
• 19th Amendment to the Constitution


  The 1920 amendment that gave women the right to vote in the United States.
• Flappers


  Young women in the 1920s known for their bold fashion, short hair, and carefree lifestyle.
• Charles Lindberg


  An American aviator who made the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean in 1927.
• Josephine Baker


  An African American entertainer and civil rights activist who became famous in France during the 1920s.
• Zora Neale Hurston


  An African American writer and anthropologist known for her work during the Harlem Renaissance, including the novel "Their Eyes Were Watching God."
• Harlem Renaissance


  A cultural movement in the 1920s centered in Harlem, New York, celebrating African American art, music, and literature.
• Inflation


  The rise in prices and decrease in the value of money over time.
• Consumer Culture


  Society valuing buying and owning goods.
• Assembly Line (cheap production method)

  A manufacturing process where a product is assembled in a series of steps by different workers, making production faster and cheaper by dividing tasks and increasing efficiency.
• New Deal (some of the policies towards city people, farmers, the arts)


  Programs and policies introduced by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1930s to help people during the Great Depression, including aid for city people, farmers, and support for the arts.
• Soup Kitchens


  Places where free food is served to those in need, especially during the Great Depression.
• President Roosevelt (FDR)


  Franklin D. Roosevelt, the U.S. president from 1933 to 1945, known for the New Deal and leading the country during WWII.
• Infrastructure


  The basic physical structures needed for a society to function, like roads, bridges, and power supplies.
• Progressive Taxation


  Tax system where rate increases with income.
• Japanese Internment


  The forced relocation and imprisonment of Japanese Americans in the United States during WWII.