Reproduction

• sexual reproduction produces genetically different cells
• sexual reproduction

  involves the fusion of male and female gametes
• asexual reproduction produces genetically identical cells
• asexual reproduction

  no fusion of gametes as there is only one parent
• sexual reproduction

  • variation
  • requires meiosis (form offspring)
  • involves fusion of gametes
• meiosis

  • begins with single cell
  • cell makes a copy oof each chromosome
  • two stages of cell division occur
  • cell divides once then again
  • 4 new daughter cells produced with half the amount of DNA of the parents
• mitosis

  • chromosomes replicate parent cell
  • chromosomes line up in centre of cell and pulled apart by spindle fibres
  • cell splits forming 2 new identical daughter cells
• advantages of sexual reproduction

  • produces variation in the offspring
  • selective breeding can be used to speed process up
  • variation gives a survival advantage
• advantages of asexual reproduction

  • faster than sexual reproduction
  • only 1 parent needed
  • more energy time efficient (no mating)
  • many identical variation can be produced
• organisms that do both types of reproduction

  • daffodils
  • fungi
  • malarial parasite
  • strawberry
• daffodils

  • sexual - produces seeds when flowers are pollinated
  • asexual - produces bulbs which can be divided and grown into new plants
• fungi

  • sexual - produces spores to show variation conditions are dry
  • asexual - produces spores that are genetically identical
• malarial parasite

  • sexual - reproduce in mosquito from both parents
  • asexual - reproduce in human host
• strawberry

  • sexual - produces seeds during flower pollination
  • asexual - miniature runners that are connected