Microbiology and Cells

• Anatomy


  The study of the structure of organisms
• Physiology


  The study of the functions of living organisms
• Magnification


  How much bigger an image appears
• Resolution


  How clear an image is
• Simple microscope


  A microscope with a single lens
• Compound microscope


  A microscope with two or more lenses
• FOV


  Field of view
• Magnification is increased


  FOV decreases
• Magnification is decreased


  FOV increases
• If the eyepiece is 20x and the objective lens is 35x, the total magnification is 700x
• Anatomical structures of a microscope that allow you to magnify an image


  • Objective lens
  • Eyepiece
• Anatomical structures of a microscope that allow you to resolve an image

  • Objective lens
  • Diaphragm
• Wet mount slide


  Requires the use of water and a cover slip
• Steps in preparing a wet mount slide

  1. Put water on slide

  2. Put object on

  3. Put cover slip on at a 45 degree angle
• The two pieces of information that should be included in every microscope sketch are total magnification and name of organism
• The diameter of the field of view shown is 5.2 mm
• Cell Theory


  1. All cells come from pre-existing cells
  2. Cells are the basic unit of living things
  3. All living things are made of one or more cells
• Leeuwenhoek's contribution


  Discovered and described microorganisms
• Schleiden's contribution


  All plants are made of cells
• Schwann's contribution


  All animals are composed of cells
• Virchow's contribution


  All cells come from pre-existing cells
• Robert Hooke's contribution


  Discovered and named cells in plants
• Cell


  The basic unit of living things
• Organelles


  The structural parts of a cell
• Organelles only found in plant cells


  • Cell wall
  • Chloroplasts
• Organelles only found in animal cells


  • Centrioles
• Cytoplasm


  The jelly-like substance inside a cell
• Cell membrane


  The semi-permeable cover that allows things to go in or out of cells
• Mitochondria


  The organelle that is the site of cellular respiration (where energy is made)
• Vacuole


  Where a cell stores food and water
• Golgi Body


  The organelle responsible for allowing materials to be transported throughout the cell
• Organelles that contain genetic material

  • Nucleus
  • Mitochondria
• Cellular structures visible in a stained onion cell

  • Cell wall
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleus
• Cellular structures visible in a stained cheek cell

  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleus