Living Things, Biology, and Chemistry

• Atom


  A singular atom
• Molecule


  Made of 2 or more atoms
• Elements


  • P
  • Fe
  • S
  • O
  • C
  • H
  • Na
  • Cl
  • N
• Compound


  Chemical formula with 2 or more elements
• Subscript


  Indicates the amount of atoms in the element
• C6H12O6 has 24 total atoms
• C6H12O6 has 12 atoms of hydrogen
• Coefficient


  Indicates the amount of molecules in the compound
• Coefficient is found to the left of the first element
• 5NaNO3 has 25 total atoms
• The element represented by "Na" is Sodium
• The element represented by "N" is Nitrogen
• The element represented by "O" is Oxygen
• There are 5 total atoms of Na in 5NaNO3
• There are 5 total atoms of N in 5NaNO3
• There are 15 total atoms of O in 5NaNO3
• Chemical reaction


  1. Reactants

  2. Products
• Organic compounds


  • Lipids
  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins
  • Nucleic Acids
• Chicken contains


  • Protein
  • Amino acids
• Olive oil contains


  • Lipids
  • Fatty acids
• Potato contains


  • Carbohydrates
  • Simple sugars
• RNA contains


  • Nucleic Acids
  • Nucleotides
• Indicators


  • Bromthymol Blue
  • Red Cabbage Juice
  • Lugol's (KI) Solution
  • Biuret Reagent
  • Glucose Test Strip
• Bromthymol Blue in water


  • Yellow
  • Bubbles when CO2 added
• Lugol's Solution on bread

  Turns black
• Enzyme and substrate complex

  1. Enzyme

  2. Substrate

  3. Enzyme-substrate complex
• The reaction is showing digestion
• Indicators of a chemical reaction

  • Fizzing
  • Color change
  • Temperature
  • Vaporization
  • Precipitation
• Calcium chloride behaved like an exothermic reaction
• Baking soda behaved like an endothermic reaction
• Characteristics of living things

  • Composed of cells
  • Metabolism
  • Similar chemical compositions
  • Response to surroundings
  • Growth/Development
  • Reproduction
  • Homeostasis
• Unicellular organism


  One cell
• Multicellular organism


  More than 2 cells
• Survival needs of living things

  • Food
  • Water
  • Living space
• Asexual vs Sexual Reproduction

  • Number of parents: one / two

  Genetics of offspring: genetically identical / genetically unique
• Understanding chemistry is relevant for a biology student to learn more about living things
• Knowledge of metric measurement and experimental design assisted in this chemistry unit
• Understanding chemistry can be valuable in everyday life, such as with diet, machinery, cooking, etc.
• Molecule


  Two or more atoms bonded together
• Subscript


  Shows the amount of elements