RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

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Thea

Cards (22)

  • The respiratory system is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants.
  • The anatomy and physiology that make this happen varies greatly, depending on the size of the organism, the environment in which it lives and its evolutionary history.
  • RESPIRATION - the act of BREATHING
  • UPPER - Nose - Nasal Cavity - Sinuses - Larynx - Trachea
  • LOWER - Lungs - Bronchi and bronchioles - Air sacs (Alveoli)
  • What does the respiratory system do?
    -Allows you to talk and to smell.
    -Warms air to match your body temperature and moisturizes it to the humidity level your body needs.
    -Delivers oxygen to the cells in your body.
    -Removes waste gases, including carbon dioxide, from the body when you exhale.
    -Protects your airways from harmful substances and irritants.
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  • Mouth and nose: Openings that pull air from outside your body into your respiratory system.
  • Sinuses: Hollow areas between the bones in your head that help regulate the temperature and humidity of the air you inhale.
  • Pharynx (throat): Tube that delivers air from your mouth and nose to the trachea (windpipe).
  • Trachea: Passage connecting your throat and lungs.
  • Bronchial tubes: Tubes at the bottom of your windpipe that connect into each lung.
  • Lungs: Two organs that remove oxygen from the air and pass it into your blood.
  • Diaphragm: Muscle that helps your lungs pull in air and push it out.
  • Ribs: Bones that surround and protect your lungs and heart.
  • Alveoli: Tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.
  • Bronchioles: Small branches of the bronchial tubes that lead to the alveoli.
  • Capillaries: Blood vessels in the alveoli walls that move oxygen and carbon dioxide.
  • Lung lobes: Sections of the lungs - three lobes in the right lung and two in the left lung.
  • Pleura: Thin sacs that surround each lung lobe and separate your lungs from the chest wall.
  • Cilia: Tiny hairs that move in a wave-like motion to filter dust and other irritants out of your airways.
  • Epiglottis: Tissue flap at the entrance to the trachea that closes when you swallow to keep food and liquids out of your airway.
  • Larynx (voice box): Hollow organ that allows you to talk and make sounds when air moves in and out.