دنتل

• Tooth Development


  1. Bud stage

  2. Cap stage

  3. Bell stage

  
• Dental development


  • Formation of crowns and roots
  • Eruption of the teeth

  
• Eruption


  The process where the tooth penetrates the mucous membrane and enters the mouth
• Sequential order of deciduous teeth eruption

  • Mandibular central incisors (6.5 months)
  • Mandibular lateral incisors (7 months)
  • Maxillary central incisors (7.5 months)
  • Maxillary lateral incisors (8 months)
  • Mandibular first molars (12-16 months)
  • Maxillary first molars (12-16 months)
  • Mandibular canines (16-20 months)
  • Maxillary canines (16-20 months)
  • Mandibular second molars (20-30 months)
  • Maxillary second molars (20-30 months)

  
• Deciduous teeth


  • Allow proper mastication
  • Prevent malocclusion
  • Guide the eruption of the permanent teeth
  • Provide esthetics
  • Provide phonetics

  
• Resorption


  The process where the deciduous teeth roots are fully formed after eruption, then resorption starts until exfoliation occurs, followed by the eruption of the permanent successor teeth

  
• Maxillary deciduous incisors


  • Mesio-distal width more than labiolingual dimension
  • Root:crown ratio increased
  • Crown appears thicker from mesial aspect due to short crown length
• Maxillary deciduous canine


  • Crown more constricted at cervical area
  • Mesial slope of cusp longer than distal slope
  • Mesial and distal contact areas at same level
  • Root:crown ratio increased
  • Crown appears thicker labiolingually from mesial aspect due to short crown length
• Maxillary deciduous first molar

  • Four cusps: mesiolingual (largest), mesiobuccal, distobuccal, distolingual (smallest)
  • Three roots: lingual, mesiobuccal, distobuccal
• Maxillary deciduous second molar

  • Five cusps: mesiolingual (largest), mesiobuccal, distobuccal, distolingual, fifth supplemental cusp
  • Three roots: lingual, mesiobuccal, distobuccal
• Mandibular deciduous incisors


  • Wider mesio-distally in relation to length compared to permanent incisors
  • Root:crown ratio increased
  • Labiolingual width appears more due to short crown length
• Mandibular deciduous canine


  • Labiolingual dimension much less than maxillary deciduous canine
  • Cervical ridge less pronounced than maxillary deciduous canine
  • Distal slope of cusp larger than mesial slope
• Mandibular deciduous first molar

  • Four cusps: mesiolingual (largest), mesiobuccal, distobuccal, distolingual (smallest)
  • Two roots: mesial and distal
• Mandibular deciduous second molar

  • Five cusps: mesiolingual, mesiobuccal, distobuccal, distolingual, distal
  • Two roots: mesial and distal
• Principal differences between deciduous and permanent teeth

  • Deciduous teeth are 20 in number, permanent teeth are 32
  • Deciduous teeth are smaller in all dimensions
  • Deciduous teeth show less morphology variations
  • Deciduous enamel is whiter and more opaque
  • Deciduous enamel is thinner (0.5-1cm), permanent enamel is thicker (1.5-2.5cm)

  
• Deciduous tooth crowns


  • More constricted at cervix
  • Cervical ridges more prominent
  • Intercuspal distance more constricted buccolingually
  • Anterior crowns wider mesio-distally compared to crown length

  
• Deciduous tooth roots


  • Lack of root trunk in molars
  • Shorter, weaker, and narrower
  • Longer in proportion to crown
  • Wider than crown to allow room for permanent tooth development

  
• The sheet contains QR CODES used to view the images on your smartphone
• Instructions For android and IOS users

  1. Download QR reader from app store or Google play

  2. Open the app and scan the code with the phone's camera

  3. The app will automatically redirect you to the image
• Instructions For android and IOS users


  1. الذهاب الى Google playql app store وتنزيل برنامج QR reader

  2. فتح البرنامج وتوجيه الكاميرا على الباركود وسيتم توجيهك للصورة تلقائيا
• محمد خان: 'إطمح أن تصل للنجوم فان لم تصل ربما تكون قد تكون بلغت القمر'
• ملاك باش امام: 'لا تتوقف عن المحاولة, فالنجاح يحققه فقط الذين يواصلون'
• الإنسان


  كائن معقد التركيب, آلة متعددة الوظائف وتحتوي على الات أصغر منها
• الإنسان


  منها ما هو مرئي وغير مرئي
• الإنسان


  الأخير يتمثل فالروح والطموح والتطور
• نحن نسعى لتحريك هذه الألة و تطوريكم أهم أركان طموحنا
• طبيب أسنان أفضل


  التقنية + المعرفة + حسن الأداء
• محمد ابودبرة: 'إن الذين توقفو عن طلب العلم ، اكتفوا بما تعلموا فشلو في تطوير نفسهم'
• أنوار زيتون: 'لا تيأس إن وصلت منتصف الطريق وتهالكت قدماك وإنفك رباط حذائك فقط ضع هدفك نصب عيناك وأمضي'
• INSTRUMENTS FOR LOCAL ANESTHESIA
• Dental syringe


  Types: Plastic (disposable), Metal (non-disposable)
• Metal dental syringe


  Two types: Side loaded (carpule loaded from the side), End loaded
• Dental syringe


  Aspirating (harpoon or hook at the END of the piston to engage with the carpule), Non-aspirating
• Dental syringe


  • Parts: Needle adapter, Harpoon, Piston, Barrel, Thumb ring, Finger grip
• Dental syringe types


  • Metal side-loaded aspirating non-disposable
  • Metal end-loaded aspirating non-disposable
  • Metal end-loaded non-aspirating non-disposable
• Dental syringe needle


  Types: Short (about 20mm for infiltration), Long (about 32mm for nerve block)
• Dental syringe needle


  Gauges: 25, 27, 30 (the larger the number the smaller the diameter)
• Inserting the needle to the hub might cause the needle to break because the weakest point is the needle's hub junction
• Use long needles for nerve blocks
• 25 and 27 gauge needles are more resistant to fracture than 30 gauge