Renal System

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Created by
Eunice Choi

Cards (9)

  • Renal System consists of:
    Kidneys, Urinary Bladder, Ureters, Urethra.
  • Functions of renal system
    Fluid and volume regulation, electrolyte balance, acid base regulation, removal of toxins
  • Urinary Bladder Capacity
    -       15-50 ml at birth
    -       Adult: 500-800 ml.
    -       Urge to urinate at about 200 ml. 
  • Assessment Urination:
    -       Frequency, Volume
    -       Colour (concentration)
    -       Odour, Consistency, Pain
    -       Continence
    -       Specific Gravity
  • Problems with Urinary System:
    -       Mechanical Injury (kidney)
    o   Loin Pain 
    -       Infection & inflammation
    -       Blockage due to:
    o   Strictures, Tumours & Renal Calculi
    -       Iatrogenic Injury in error
  • Urine Output Assessment: After mandatory intro. Measure urine output.
    If IDC – check patency
    Observe urine for colour, offensive smell, or presence of sediment.
    Perform Urinalysis
    Assess fluid volume status.
    Determine frequency of renal assessment.
  • Objective Data
    Colour – Straw coloured.
    • Abnormal – Blood stains?
    Dark? Concentrated
    Consistency – clear
    • Abnormal – sediment
    Smell – non-offensive.
    • Abnormal – pungent smell
    Volume
    Blood clots in urine
  • Role of Urinalysis
    Purpose – Determine the constituents of the urine & the presence of abnormalities.
  • Fluid Balance Chart - non-invasive tool that aims to keep an accurate record of a patient's fluid status over 24 hours. The document should indicate if the patient is in fluid balance, deficit or overload.