Unit 1: Cells (k6)

• A cell is the smallest functional and structural unit of all organisms.
• An organism is any living thing
• Organisms that are all made up of just one cell are called uncellular organism.
• A cell membrane is a protective layer that covers a cell's surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell's environment.
• Cell membranes can control materials, such as water and oxygen.
• The region enclosed by the cell membrane that includes the fluid and all the organelles of the cell is called cytoplasm.
• An organelle is a small body in a cell's cytoplasm that is specialized to perform a specific function
• DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid
• DNA is a genetic material that provides instruction for a cell process.
• Organisms inherit DNA from their parent / parents
• In some cells, the DNA is contained in a membrane-bound organelle called the nucleus.
• A prokaryote is a single-celled membrane that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelle.
• Prokaryote's DNA is located in the cytoplasm
• Prokaryotic cells contain organelles called ribosomes.
• Some prokaryotic cells have hairlike structures called flagella that help them move.
• Eukaryote is an organism made up of cells that contain membrane-bound organelles, as well as ribosomes.
• Plant cells also have chloroplasts which are responsible for photosynthesis.
• Animal cells do not have a cell wall but they do have mitochondria which produce energy through respiration.