VC, neck + head muscles

• What are the VC muscles order, from superficial to deep?

  • trapezius
  • latissimus dorsi
  • rhomboids
  • levator scapulae
• what is the overall actions of the VC muscles ?

  laterally flex the back to their side when they contract
• what is this muscle ?

  trapezius

  
• origin of trapezius ?

  External occipital protuberance and superior nuchal line of occipital bone, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae
• insertion of trapezius ?

  Posterior aspect of lateral one third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
• actions of trapezius ?

  • Elevates and depresses shoulder girdle
  • extends and laterally flexes head and neck.
• What is this muscle ?

  latissimus dorsi

  
• origin of latissimus dorsi?

  pinous processes of T7-T12 vertebrae, spinous processes of L1-L5 vertebrae via thoracolumbar fascia, ninth to twelfth ribs, iliac crest
• insertion of latissimus dorsi ?

  Floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus.
• actions of latissimus dorsi ?

  Adducts, medially rotates, and extends arm at shoulder joint.
• what is this muscle ?

  rhomboids

  
• origin of rhomboids ?

  Nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae
• insertion of rhomboids ?

  Medial border of scapula inferior to spine of scapula
• actions of rhomboids ?

  Retracts and downwardly rotates shoudler girdle
• what is this muscle ?

  levator scapulae

  
• Origin of levator scapulae?

  Transverse processes of C1-C2 vertebrae, posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C3-C4 vertebrae
• insertion of levator scapulae ?

  Superior angle of scapula, medial border of scapula superior to spine of scapula
• actions of levator scapulae ?

  Elevates and downwardly rotates shoulder girdle and extends and laterally flexes neck at cervical vertebral joints.
• where is the triangle of auscultation between ?

  • lateral edge of trapezius
  • medial-lower edge of rhomboids
  • upper edge of latissimus Dorsi
• what is the floor of the triangle of auscultation ?

  iliocostalis
• what is the function of the triangle of auscultation ?

  to best hear for lung sounds
• what muscles are next deep to the traps, rhomboids, latissimus dorsi and levator scapulae?

  serratus posterior superior and serratus posterior inferior
• what is this muscle ?

  serratus posterior superior

  
• what is this muscle ?

  serratus posterior inferior

  
• Where do the serratus posterior superior and serratus posterior inferior muscle arise from ?

  spinous processes
• Where do the serratus posterior superior and serratus posterior inferior insert on?

  ribs
• what are the actions of serratus posterior superior and serratus posterior inferior ?

  act to move the ribs during breathing
• What muscle is deep to the serratus posterior superior/inferior ?

  levator costae/costarum
• what is this muscle ?

  levator costae

  
• where does levator costae arise from ?

  transverse processes
• where does levator costae insert ?

  running down and laterally, they insert on one or two ribs below
• what is the action of levator costae ?

  they are short muscles of inhalation
• how main pairs are there of levator costae ?

  12 pairs
• what are the next deep muscles from Levator costae ?

  splenius capitis and cervicis
• what is this muscle ?

  splenius capitis

  
• what is this muscle ?

  splenius cervicis

  
• what happens during unilateral contraction of the splenius capitis and cervicis?

  extend, laterally flex and rotate the head and neck to its own side
• what happens during bilateral contraction of the splenius capitis and cervicis?

  Extension and rotation of the head and neck
• why is splenius cervicis harder to identify to splenius capitis?

  as it inserts on the cervical transverse processes and runs deep the splenius capitis
• What happens when these back muscles contract bilaterally?

  they will extend the spine as they are behind the axis of rotation