Respiratory system

• Oxygen diffuses from air to the capillaries


  Oxygen diffuses from air to the capillaries
• Function Respiratory


  • 1. Supply oxygen to cells
  • 2. remove CO2 , Filter partices, sound,smell
• Respiratory System


  The system responsible for breathing and gas exchange in the body
• Alveoli


  • Where oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs
• Capillaries carry blood from the heart to the alveoli and back
• Oxygen-rich blood flows towards the heart, carbon dioxide-rich blood flows away from the heart
• Oxygen is required to break down food
• Carbon dioxide is a product of chemical reactions
• Respiratory System


  Filters particles (dust/pollen) from air

  Produces sound

  Provides sense of smell
• Left Lung


  • 2 lobes to make room for the heart
• Right Lung


  • 3 lobes
• Air flow in Respiratory System

  Air is filtered, warmed and moistened in the nose

  Air is forced into the lungs by contraction of the diaphragm
• Diaphragm


  The muscle that contracts to force air into the lungs
• Respiratory rate is regulated by the medulla oblongata
• Alveoli

  are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs
• Alveoli


  • They have thin ways that are permeable to gaies, allowing oxygen from ar to diffuse into bloodstrem and carbon aloxicle to druse out of bloodstream into the air
• The lungs comain millions of alveoli proviang a large surface aren
• This allows for more effickin exchange of O2 + CO₂ between air in the lungs and blood in capallisnies
• Furthermore diffusion does not require energy, it allows for gas exchange without additional spendings
• affect smoking


  • domages cilia-buildup of mucus
  • impaired clearance of pathogens --inflammation + narrowing of airways
• smokers cough


  during sleep pers-cilia recovers - lungs try to expel toxins - coughing
• vaping Nicotine


  stimulant increaser heart rate + blood pressure
• asthma


  inflamation of airway + abnormal harrowing airway
• emphysema


  loss of elasticity in lung tissues
• pneumonia


  infommation of air SAC
• bronchitis


  intiammation of bronchi and clogged with mucs
• COPD


  Combinational of emphisema + bronchitis
• altitude sickness


  occurs when ascending to hign altituds too quickly-Altitude sickness occurs because the air at high altitudes has lower oxygen levels. This reduces the amount of oxygen that reaches your tissues and organs, causing symptoms as your body struggles to adapt to the decreased oxygen availability.
• altitude increases oxyen thinner
• Inhaliation 


  Diagram and intercostal muscle contract, increasing chest cavity volume, decreasing pressure drawing air into lungs

  diaphram down
• Exhalation 


  Muscle relax, decrease chest cavity volume, increase pressure forcing air out of lungs
• Breathing controlled by 


  Medulla oblongata
• Uvula 


  Lighten scull, resonate speech, produce mucus
• Larynx 


  Provide open pathway, Divert food into proper pathway, produce sound
• Vocal cords change sound

  Volume, pitch, articulation
• Trachea 


  Cartilaginous ring, prevent trachea from collapsing, tissue in between for flexibilty
• Trachea


  The windpipe, a tube that carries air from the throat to the lungs
• Pathway 


  Nose,pharynx,larynx,trachea,lungs,bronchus,bronchi,bronchi, bronchiole,alveoli
• laryngeal prominence

  • made up of body cartilage that wraps around larynx, men bigger voice box
• Trachea


  Flexible so allows air flow when breathing squeeze out if the way when food enters