electricity <3

• Two types of circuits

  Series and parallel
• What is a series circuit?

  A circuit where all components are in one continuous loop.
• Describe current in a series circuit.

  It stays consistent at any area of the circuit.
• Describe the potential difference/voltage in a series circuit.

  It is split among the amount of components within the circuit.
• What is a parallel circuit?

  A circuit where components are in several loops.
• Describe the current in a parallel circuit

  The current is split among the several components on each branch.
• Describe the potential difference/voltage of a parallel circuit


  The potential difference or voltage remains the same.
• How difficult it is for the current to flow through the circuit and its components

  Resistance
• Current


  The rate of flow of charge/electrons.
• Potential difference/voltage


  A measure of energy, per unit of charge, transferred between two points in a circuit.
• What is the unit for current?

  Amperes or Amps
• What is the unit of voltage?

  Volts
• What is the unit for resistance?

  Ohm
• What do cells and batteries do in a circuit?

  Provide energy for the circuit to function.
• What do resistors do?

  Limit current
• What do variable resistors do?

  They can adjust resistance in a circuit.
• What is an LDR?

  Light Dependent Resistor
• What does an LDR do?

  Changes resistance depending on light level (less resistance = more/brighter light)
• What does a thermistor do?

  Changes resistance based on temperature. (higher temperature = less resistance)
• What do diodes do?

  Only allows for the current to flow in one direction in the circuit.
• What do reactifiers do?

  They turn an alternating current into a direct current.
• Can a diode be a reactifier?

  Yes.
• What is Ohm's law?

  The current through an ohmic conductor is directly proportional to the voltage.
• What are fuses used for?

  Safety
• What do fuses do?

  They break the circuit if a fault in an appliance causes too much current to flow.
• What measures current?


  Ammeter
• What measures voltage or potential difference?

  Voltmeter
• What is the neutral wire in a plug used for?

  Return current
• What is the earth wire in a plug used for?


  It is connected into the ground for safety.
• What is the live wire used for in a plug?

  Electricity and transfer of current
• What is the National Grid made up of?

  Power lines and transformers.
• What are the two types of transformers?


  Step-up and step-down
• What is the voltage of households supplied by the National Grid?

  230V
• What is a conductor?


  Allow electric charges to flow through the material
• What is an insulator?


  A material that does not allow for electric charges to flow through.
• Current =


  Charge/time
• Voltage/PD =


  current x resistance
• power =


  current^2 x resistance
• Power =


  current x voltage
• What is power measured in?

  Watts