B2 set pieces

• IVF

  • IVF involves giving a mother FSH and LH to stimulate maturation of several eggs
  • The eggs are collected from the mother and fertilised by sperm in the lab
  • The fertilised eggs develop into embryos
  • Embryos are inserted into the uterus
• Meiosis

  When a cell divides to form gametes:

  • Copies of genetic material are made
  • the cell divides twice to form four gametes, each with a single set of chromosomes
  • All gametes are genetically different from each other
• Genetic engineering

  • Enzymes are used to isolate the required; this gene is inserted into a vector, usually a bacterial plasmid or a virus
  • the vector is used to insert the gene into the required cells
  • genes are transferred to the cells of animals, plants or microorganisms at an early stage in their development so that they develop with desired characteristics