h3

• Posture


  The position of the body when standing, sitting, or lying down
• Types of posture


  • Static postures (standing, sitting, lying down)
  • Dynamic postures (walking, running, jumping)
• Improper posture can lead to ailments and diseases
• Correct posture


  Helps maintain efficiency in activities, reduces pressure on joints/muscles, and maintains a pleasant appearance
• Applying knowledge of biomechanics helps maintain effective posture
• Biomechanical factors related to posture

  • Centre of gravity
  • Balance
• Centre of gravity


  The point where the whole weight of an object/body is concentrated
• The centre of gravity changes temporarily according to a person's posture
• Changes in centre of gravity

  • Arms by side
  • Arms raised
  • One arm stretched out
  • Both arms raised
  • Body bending forward
  • Start of a race
• Balance


  The state of a body or physical system that is at rest or in constant and unchanging motion
• Factors that help maintain balance

  • Keeping the line of gravity within the supporting base
  • Having the centre of gravity at a lower position
  • Maintaining a wider supporting base
  • Movement of the body in the opposite direction when loss of posture is imminent
  • Bending the body towards an external force
• Keeping the line of gravity within the supporting base is important for balance
• Having the centre of gravity at a lower position helps maintain balance
• Maintaining a wider supporting base increases balance
• Moving the body in the opposite direction can help maintain balance when posture is lost
• Bending the body towards an external force helps maintain balance
• Maintaining correct posture when standing

  1. Keep body in vertical stance

  2. Keep hands by sides

  3. Keep feet apart at shoulder width, distribute weight evenly
• Maintaining correct posture when standing and working

  1. Keep body in vertical stance

  2. Keep feet apart at shoulder width, distribute weight evenly

  3. Adjust working surface to elbow level
• Centre of gravity


  The point in which the weight of the body acts
• Balance


  The ability to balance the body when engaging in different types of postures
• The position of the centre of gravity changes according to the posture
• Factors that help maintain balance

  • Maintaining the line of gravity within the supporting base
  • Maintaining the centre of gravity at a lower level
  • Having a wider supporting base
  • Keeping parts of the body moved in opposite directions
  • Bending the body towards the external force
• Static postures


  • Standing
  • Sitting
  • Lying down
• Adopting wrong postures will result in many injuries to the body and disabilities later in life