The Rate & Extent Of Chemical Change

• Rate of reaction


  Moles of product formed / reactants used
• Calculating rate of reaction in moles or dm^3

  Equation in minutes
• Factors that affect chemical reactions

  • Temperature
  • Contrapressure
  • Catalyst
  • Surface area
• Collision theory


  Particles must collide with a certain amount of energy before they can react
• Activation energy


  Minimum amount of energy needed for particles to react
• Factors of collision theory

  • Amount of energy particles have
  • Frequency of collisions
• Powder head of small chunks

  Increases frequency of collisions
• 3 minutes
• Plateau


  Little or no change
• Equilibrium


  Both reactions still happening but cancel each other out, so no overall changes
• Le Chatelier's Principle


  When the conditions of a reversible reaction are changed, the position of equilibrium will shift to try and counteract the change
• More products than reactants


  Equilibrium shifts to the right
• Factors that affect position of equilibrium

  • Temperature
  • Concentration
  • Pressure
• y


  Amount of energy particles have
• All chunks increases frequency of collision