cells

• all living things are made of cells. Cells can either be prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Eukaryotic cells are complex and include all animal and plant cells. Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler, e.g bacteria
• eukaryotes are organisms that are made up of eukaryotic cells
• a prokaryote is prokaryotic cell
• nucleus - contains genetic material that controls the activities of the cell
• cytoplasm - gel like substance where most of the chemical reactions happen. It contains enzymes that control these chemical reactions
• cell membrane - holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out
• mitochondria - these are where most of the reactions for aerobic respiration take place. respiration transfers energy that the cell needs to work
• ribosomes - these are where proteins are made in the cell
• rigid cell wall - made of cellulose. It supports the cell and strengthens it
• permanent vacuole - contains cell sap a weak solution of sugar and salts
• chloroplasts - these are where photosynthesis occurs which makes food for the plant. They contain a green substance called chlorophyll, which absorbs the light needed for photosynthesis
• bacterial cells dont have a true nucleus - instead they have a singular strand of DNA that floats freely in the cytoplasm
• bacteria dont have chloroplasts or mitochondria
• they may also contain one or more small rings of DNA called plasmids