Physics Paper 2

• What does a vector show?

  Magnitude and direction
• What does scalar show?

  Just magnitude
• What are some scalar properties?

  • Speed
  • Time
  • Distance
• What are some vector properties?

  • velocity
  • momentum
  • displacement
• What is a force?


  A force is a push or pull that acts on an object due to the interaction with another object
• What are the different forces?

  • Electrostatic
  • Gravitational attraction
  • Friction
• How do you calculate weight?

  Weight = mass x gravitational field strength
• How do you calculate work done?

  Work done = Force x Distance
• What is elastic deformation?


  The object returns to its original shape when the load has been removed
• What is plastic deformation?


  The object does not return to its original shape when the load has been removed
• What is Newtons first law?

  An object has a constant velocity unless acted on by a resultant force
• What is Newtons second law?

  The acceleration of an object is proportional to the resultant force acting on the object, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
• What is Newtons third law?

  Whenever two objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite.
• How to calculate stopping distance?

  stopping distance = thinking + braking distances
• How do you calculate momentum?

  momentum = mass x velocity
• What are safety measures in car?

  • Seatbelts - fly through windshield
  • Crumple zones - car would not soften the blow
  • Air bags - head whip forward causing neck injury
• What is wavelength?


  The distance between two consecutive points of a wave.
• What is amplitude?


  The distance from equilibrium line to the maximum displacement
• What is frequency?


  The number of waves that pass a single point per second
• What is a period?

  the time taken for a whole wave to completely pass a single point
• How do you calculate velocity?

  Velocity = frequency x wavelength
• What are the types of waves?

  • Transverse
  • Longitudinal
• What are the characteristics of transverse waves?

  • Have peaks and troughs
  • Vibrations are at right angles to the direction of travel
• What are the characteristics of longitudinal waves?

  • Have compressions and rarefactions
  • Vibrations are in the same direction as the direction of travel
• Longitudinal wave

  
• Transverse waves

  
• How do you measure velocity?

  • sound in air
  • ripples on water surface
• What are the types of waves?

  • Radio waves
  • Microwaves
  • IR waves
  • Visible waves
  • UV waves
  • X-ray waves
• What are the characteristics of magnets?

  • same poles repel
  • opposite poles attract
• How can induced magnets be made magnetic?

  Being stroked with a permanent magnet