Science

• Field of View


  Area visible through a microscope, decreases with higher magnification
• Biological Drawing


  Illustration of a specimen's details as seen under a microscope
• DNA Structure


  Double helix molecule containing genetic information in cells
• Chromosomes


  Thread-like structures in cells that carry genetic information
• DNA Replication


  Process of copying DNA to produce identical DNA molecules
• Mitosis


  Cell division process for growth and repair, producing identical cells
• Diploid


  Cells with two sets of chromosomes (2n), typical in body cells
• Haploid


  Cells with one set of chromosomes (n), typical in gametes
• Meiosis


  Cell division process forming haploid gametes for sexual reproduction
• Alleles


  Different forms of a gene that can occupy the same locus on a chromosome
• Genotypes


  Combinations of alleles that determine an organism's traits
• Punnet Squares


  A diagram used to predict possible genotypes of offspring
• Pedigree Chart


  A diagram showing genetic relationships within a family
• Simple Microscopes


  Tools with few lenses for magnification and viewing specimens
• Wet Mount


  A method of preparing specimens on a slide with a cover slip and liquid
• Covalent Bonding is the sharing of electrons between atoms in a chemical reaction. Between Two non-metals or more.
• Ionic Bonding: A bonding type in which oppositely charged ions attract each other. Between a metal and non-metal.
• Base -> Metal Hydroxide.
• Acid -> Hydrogen.
• Combustion

  Hydrocarbon + oxygen gas -> water + carbon dioxide.

  Complete: Organic material + O2 -> H2O + CO2

  Incomplete: Organic material + O2 -> O2 + C + CO + H2O
• Combination

  Mg + O2 -> MgO
• Decomposition

  Fe2O3 -> Fe + O2
• Acid + Metal -> Salt + Hydrogen gas
• Acid + Base -> Salt + H20

  Acid + Metal Hydroxide -> H2O + Metal Salt
• Acid + Carbonate -> Salt + H2O + CO2

  Acid + Hydrogen Carbonate -> Salt + H2O + CO2
• Equal males and Females

  ->Yes(Autosomal) ->No(X-Linked)

  Does it skip a Gen More Males or Females

  ->Yes(Recessive) ->Males(Recessive)

  ->No(Dominant) ->Females(Dominant)
• Genetic Variation in Meiosis

  Meiosis introduces genetic variation through cross-over and interchromatid exchange, leading to recombination of genes and increased genetic diversity.