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• TMJ


  Temporo-Mandibular Joint, the joint connecting the lower jaw to the skull
• TMJ


  • It is a bilateral joint that permits the mandible to move as a unit with two functional patterns: Hinge Movement (Inferior portion) and Translation Movement (Superior portion)
• Masseter muscle


  Elevation (deep fibers) & Protraction (superficial fibers) of the mandible
• Temporalis muscle


  Elevation (anterior fibers) & Protraction (posterior fibers) of the mandible
• Hinge (Rotation) Movement


  Occurs during the early opening & late closing movement of the mandible
• Translation Movement


  Occurs between the superior surface of the articular disc and the condyle as one unit & the glenoid fossa
• Mandibular Movement


  Opening & closing
• Protrusive & Retrusive movements

  The condyles move downwards & forwards along the posterior incline of the articular eminence
• Bennett's movement


  A lateral bodily shift of the condyles that occurs at the end of the Working condyle movement
• Mandibular movements


  • Border movements (Repeatable positions)
  • Intra-border movements (Non-repeatable positions)
• Condylar path


  The path travelled by the condyles during various mandibular movements
• Sagittal (horizontal) condylar path

  The path travelled by the condyle during protrusive and retrusive mandibular movements
• Lateral condylar path


  The path taken by the condyle during lateral mandibular movement
• Incisal path


  The path taken by the incisal edges of lower teeth
• Condylar path angle


  The angle formed between the condylar path and the horizontal plane
• Incisive path angle


  The angle between incisal edges and horizontal plane
• Horizontal Condylar Path Angle


  The angle formed between the horizontal condylar path and the horizontal plane
• Lateral Condylar Path Angle


  The angle formed between the lateral condylar path and the horizontal plane
• Condylar & Incisal Guidance


  The simulation of the condylar & incisal paths on the articulator
• Curve of Spee


  A curve following an imaginary line touching buccal cusps of all mandibular teeth starting from the lower canine backwards to the anterior border of the ramus of the mandible
• Curve of Monson


  A curve in which each cusp and incisal edge touch to conform to a segment of a sphere 20 cm in diameter with its center the Glabella
• Compensating curve


  An artificial curve introduced into complete dentures in order to facilitate the production of balanced occlusion
• Christensen's Phenomenon


  When the mandible moves forward to an edge-to-edge position, separation occurs distally between the distal arches or occlusion rims
• Jaw relation


  Any relation of the mandible to the maxilla
• Centric relation


  The most posterior relation of the mandible to the maxilla when the condyles are in their most posterior unstrained position in the glenoid fossae from which lateral movements can be performed at any given degree of jaw separation
• Centric occlusion


  The relation of opposing occluding surfaces, when the mandible is in centric relation to maxilla
• Eccentric relations


  Any relation other than centric relation
• Protrusive relation


  The relation of the mandible to the maxilla when the mandible is in forward position
• Right and left lateral Maxilla-mandibular relations

  The mandible to maxilla relationship when the mandible is moved either to the right or to the left side
• Vertical dimension


  The length of the lower one third of the face between two selected points, one located above and the other located below the mouth usually in the midline
• Vertical dimension of physiologic rest position (VDR)


  The vertical separation of the jaws when the patient is resting comfortably in an upright position, the condyles are in a neutral unstrained position in the glenoid fossae and the elevator and depressor muscles of the mandible are in a state of equilibrium
• VDR is constant throughout life whether teeth are present or not
• Occlusal vertical relation (VDO)

  The vertical relation of the mandible to maxilla when the teeth or occlusion rims are in contact
• Free way space


  VDR - VDO = 2-4 mm
• Wax registration or check bite

  A centric relation registration method technique that can be used with any patient
• Graphic tracing


  The most accurate method for centric relation registration, showing the horizontal movement of the mandible in the form of a tracing made by a point stylus fitted to the occlusion block on a recording plate fitted to the tracers
• Terminal hinge axis method

  A centric relation registration method based on the fact that the condyles show pure hinge movement at the early opening and late closing of mandible, performed using a mandibular face bow
• Chew-in or functional generating path method

  A centric relation registration method using occlusion blocks made of rigid bases and plaster and pumice rims
• Face-Bow


  A caliper-like device used to record the relationship between maxilla and rotational axis of mandible and then transfer this relation to the articulator
• Mandibular face bow


  A device used to record hinge axis of rotation of the mandible and transfer this relation to the articulator