Protein Synthesis

Cards (12)

What type of protein is each of the following: Keratin, Antibodies, Insulin, Amylase
Structural, Defense, Hormonal, Enzyme
What is protein synthesis?
A complex process that occurs in all cells involving transcription and translation to produce a new protein
What does a gene carry? 
The code for the production of a protein
What is transcription? 
The making of mRNA, using DNA as a template.
What steps are involved in transcription?
The DNA unwinds
Hydrogen bonds are broken
Nucleotides enter from the cytoplasm
Nucleotides are joined together by RNA polemerase, forming a strand of mRNA
The mRNA leaves the nucleus
What is a codon? 
A sequence of 3 bases on a DNA or RNA molecule
How many amino acids does each codon code for?
One
Example of a start codon
AUG
Example of a stop codon
UAA, UAG, UGA
What is translation? 
The making of a protein using mRNA
Where does translation occur?
Ribosomes in the cytosol
What happens in the process of Translation?
mRNA attaches to the ribosome and forms weak bonds with tRNA
tRNA transfers amino acids to the ribosome
The anticodon at the end of one tRNA molecule binds with a complementary mRNA molecule
A peptide bond forms
Stop codon is reached
tRNAs detach
The linear sequence of amino acids folds into a 3D shape to become a functional protein